What Drives Women’s Higher Alzheimer’s Risk? | Dr. Jessica Caldwell

What Drives Women’s Higher Alzheimer’s Risk? | Dr. Jessica Caldwell

May 20, 2026 · 27 min

About this episode

Dr. Jessica Caldwell discusses the factors contributing to women's higher risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Women make up about two-thirds of people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, but experts say longer life expectancy alone does not explain the gap. Dr. Jessica Caldwell’s research focuses on how sex and gender influence Alzheimer’s disease risk, resilience, and progression, including the roles of genetics, menopause, lifestyle factors, and life stressors. Caldwell is a neuropsychologist and investigator of the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention, or WRAP, at the Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, as well as a visiting associate professor in the Department of Neurology at UW–Madison. She previously directed the Women’s Alzheimer’s Movement Prevention Center at Cleveland Clinic, the first Alzheimer’s prevention center designed exclusively for women. In this conversation with Being Patient’s Mark Niu, Caldwell explained how the disparity is influenced by multiple factors, including genetics, menopause, estrogen loss, medical conditions, lifestyle, and caregiving-related stress. She discussed why midlife may be an important window for prevention, especially for women. Caldwell also described how hormonal changes during menopause, symptoms such as hot flashes and depression…

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