457. Insights into INOCA and ANOCA with Dr. Claire Raphael
About this episode
The episode discusses insights into INOCA and ANOCA with Dr. Claire Raphael, focusing on non-obstructive coronary artery disease and its implications.
CardioNerds ( Drs. Apoorva Gangavelli , Rebecca Garber , and Tina Reddy discuss INOCA with Dr. Claire Raphael . Audio editing by CardioNerds Academy intern, student doctor Pacey Wetstein. This episode was produced as part of the CardioNerds Academy curriculum by House Einthoven under the guidance of House Chief, Dr. Apoorva Gangavelli , and Academy Program Director, Dr. Gurleen Kaur . A matching review article will be published in US Cardiology Review , the official journal of CardioNerds. Non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is more common than often recognized, particularly in women and individuals with risk factors like diabetes or hypertension. Conditions such as INOCA, ANOCA, and MINOCA can cause ischemia and chest pain despite “clean” angiograms, often due to microvascular dysfunction, coronary spasms, or subtle plaque. Diagnosing these conditions requires advanced imaging or invasive studies to assess blood flow and vessel function. Treatment focuses on reducing cardiovascular risk with aspirin, statins, ACE inhibitors, or ARBs, and managing symptoms with beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers. The key takeaway: A normal angiogram doesn’t rule out disease, and…
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