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The 3 Laws of Knowledge [César Hidalgo]
From Machine Learning Street Talk (MLST) by Machine Learning Street Talk (MLST)
December 27, 2025 · 1h 37m
About this episode
César Hidalgo discusses the complexities of knowledge and its transferability, challenging common misconceptions about information and expertise.
César Hidalgo has spent years trying to answer a deceptively simple question: What is knowledge, and why is it so hard to move around? We all have this intuition that knowledge is just... information. Write it down in a book, upload it to GitHub, train an AI on it—done. But César argues that's completely wrong. Knowledge isn't a thing you can copy and paste. It's more like a living organism that needs the right environment, the right people, and constant exercise to survive. Guest: César Hidalgo, Director of the Center for Collective Learning 1. Knowledge Follows Laws (Like Physics) 2. You Can't Download Expertise 3. Why Big Companies Fail to Adapt 4. The "Infinite Alphabet" of Economies If you think AI can just "copy" human knowledge, or that development is just about throwing money at poor countries, or that writing things down preserves them forever—this conversation will change your mind. Knowledge is fragile, specific, and collective. It decays fast if you don't use it. The Infinite Alphabet [César A. Hidalgo] https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/458054/the-infinite-alphabet-by-hidalgo-cesar-a/9780241655672 https://x.com/cesifoti Rescript link…
People in this episode
Guest: César Hidalgo
Topics covered
- knowledge
- economics of ideas
- collective learning
- expertise
- organizational networks
Keywords
- knowledge
- information
- expertise
- collective learning
- economics
- adaptation
- organizational networks
Mentioned in this episode
Organizations: Center for Collective Learning
Books & works: The Infinite Alphabet
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