The hidden costs of AI

The hidden costs of AI

From PNAS Science Sessions by PNAS

February 23, 2026 · 10 min

About this episode

This episode discusses the hidden sustainability costs of AI data centers and their environmental impact.

Hidden sustainability costs of AI Science Sessions are brief conversations with cutting-edge researchers, National Academy members, and policymakers as they discuss topics relevant to today's scientific community. Learn the behind-the-scenes story of work published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), plus a broad range of scientific news about discoveries that affect the world around us. In this episode, researchers describe the sustainability impact of AI data centers. In this episode, we cover: •[00:00] Introduction •[01:20] Bronis de Supinski describes how the energy demands of AI data centers have increased in recent years and why improvements in data center energy efficiency will not necessarily reduce total energy expenditures •[03:08] Eric Masanet explains the difficulty of tracking and projecting the energy usage of AI data centers. •[05:12] Shaolei Ren describes the water usage and air pollution associated with AI data centers. •[07:30] Tevfik Kosar explains how AI might be leveraged as a tool to help address climate change and sustainability challenges. •[09:00] Final thoughts and conclusion. About Our Guests: Bronis de Supinski Chief…

People in this episode

Guests: Bronis de Supinski, Eric Masanet, Shaolei Ren, Tevfik Kosar

Topics covered

  • sustainability
  • AI data centers
  • energy efficiency
  • climate change
  • environmental impact

Keywords

  • AI
  • data centers
  • energy usage
  • water usage
  • air pollution
  • sustainability challenges
  • climate change

Mentioned in this episode

Organizations: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California Riverside, University at Buffalo

Books & works: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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