Analysing Robots.txt at scale with HTTP Archive and BigQuery

Analysing Robots.txt at scale with HTTP Archive and BigQuery

From Search Off the Record by Google

April 23, 2026 · 28 min

About this episode

The episode explores the analysis of robots.txt files using HTTP Archive and BigQuery, focusing on common directives and user-agents for modern crawling and AI bots.

In this episode of Search Off the Record, Martin and Gary turn a simple robots.txt question into a data‑driven deep dive using HTTP Archive, WebPageTest, custom JavaScript metrics, and BigQuery. They explore how millions of real robots.txt files are actually written in 2025–2026, which directives and user‑agents are most common, and what that means for modern crawling and AI bots. Perfect for beginner to mid‑level developers and SEOs, you'll learn how large‑scale web measurement works (HTTP Archive, Chrome UX Report, Web Almanac), and how to turn raw crawl data into actionable SEO insights. Subscribe for more candid conversations about crawling, indexing, and the data behind how Google Search and the web really work. Resources: Web Almanac → https://almanac.httparchive.org/en/2025/ Robotstxt custom metric for the HTTP Archive → https://github.com/HTTPArchive/custom-metrics/pull/191 robots.txt parser change → https://github.com/google/robotstxt/commit/4af32e54b715442bb04cd0470e99192f0ffb9792#commitcomment-178586774 Episode transcript → https://goo.gle/sotr108-transcript Listen to more Search Off the Record → https://goo.gle/sotr-yt Subscribe to Google Search Channel →…

People in this episode

Host: Martin Splitt

Guest: Gary Illyes

Topics covered

  • robots.txt analysis
  • web crawling
  • SEO insights
  • data-driven analysis
  • BigQuery
  • HTTP Archive

Keywords

  • robots.txt
  • SEO
  • crawling
  • BigQuery
  • HTTP Archive
  • data analysis
  • web measurement

Mentioned in this episode

Organizations: Google, HTTP Archive, WebPageTest, Chrome UX Report, Web Almanac

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