What keeps the universe in balance?

What keeps the universe in balance?

From CrowdScience by BBC World Service

March 6, 2026 · 31 min

About this episode

The episode explores the philosophical and scientific questions surrounding the balance of the universe.

CrowdScience listener Ndanusa in Ghana, is gazing up at the stars, and wondering. Big philosophical questions, like… what keeps our universe in balance? From our perspective here on earth, the universe seems like a vast, harmonious system, perpetuating eternally without change. But Ndanusa knows a thing or two about the stars, and he knows that they use up hydrogen as they burn, and release helium. And he’s wondering, is there something out there which does the opposite? Something that uses up helium, and produces hydrogen, to keep the universe in perfect, chemical equilibrium? His question makes sense! Here on earth for example, animals use up oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, and plants do the opposite. A perfect cycle of production and consumption which (at least in theory), keeps our planet in perfect balance. Could the same kind of system be in place in the wider expanse of the universe? His intriguing question leads presenter Alex Lathbridge on a journey into the blackness of deep space, the ancient origins of our universe, and the complex physics of the stars. He pops into the Ghana Radio Astronomy Observatory, just outside Accra, where astrophysicist Dr Proven Adzri…

People in this episode

Host: Ben Motley

Guests: Dr Proven Adzri, Dr Linus Labik

Topics covered

  • universe
  • balance
  • philosophy
  • astrophysics

Keywords

  • hydrogen
  • helium
  • chemical equilibrium
  • stars
  • cosmology

Mentioned in this episode

Products: Ghana Radio Astronomy Observatory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

Places: Ghana, Accra

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