Diverse Thinking Different Learning

This month, we are replaying episode 212 of Diverse Thinking, Different Learning, in which Dr. Karen Wilson discusses the ways in which dyslexia can affect a child's mental wellbeing. Even though dyslexia is commonly associated with reading and language difficulties, the emotional implications are far too often overlooked, and Dr. Wilson unpacks some of the harmful myths that have shaped the public understanding of dyslexia for decades, including the assumption that reading struggles are tied to intelligence. She explains how those misconceptions can affect self-esteem, delay diagnosis, and leave children feeling isolated or incapable. Drawing from research and real-world examples, Dr. Wilson explores the connection between dyslexia, anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal, especially during critical school years when children are forming their sense of self. She also highlights how exhausting reading can feel for students with dyslexia, both mentally and emotionally, and why that exhausting effort is so often misunderstood. Dr. Wilson goes into the additional challenges that many children face when dyslexia overlaps with ADHD or anxiety disorders, along with the unfortunate stigma that can come from being pulled out for specialized instruction. At the same time, however, this episode offers hope. Dr. Wilson stresses the importance of early identification, evidence-based support, and environments that help children recognize their strengths. She also shares encouraging research on resilience and self-advocacy, reminding listeners that dyslexia is only one part of a person's story, so whether you're a parent, educator, advocate, or someone living with dyslexia yourself, this episode is sure to offer research-backed insight, compassion, and a broader understanding of what support truly looks like! Show Notes: [0:00] - May is Mental Health Awareness Month, and Dr. Wilson is re-airing an episode about children with dyslexia. [1:43] - Dr. Wilson explores dyslexia myths and their damaging effects on self-esteem and mental health. [3:56] - Hear how reading struggles, stigma, and other coexisting disorders can heighten anxiety, depression, and feelings of inadequacy. [6:39] - There is hope - early intervention, emotional support, and resilience-building help children with dyslexia thrive beyond academics. [8:58] - It's important to remember that compassionate support and evidence-based interventions can help people with dyslexia succeed emotionally and socially. Links and Related Resources: Episode 115: A Family Approach to Dyslexia with Dr, Lauren Episode 183: Unlocking Potential: A Dyslexia Journey with Rosalin Abigail Kyere-Nartey Episode 208: Overcoming Dyslexia and Addressing The Reading Crisis with Sally Shaywitz, MD Episode 209: How the Science of Reading Can Close Literacy Gaps with Dr. Benjamin Powers YouTube - What Is Dyslexia More Podcast Episodes Connect with Us: Join Our Substack Community Email Dr. Wilson: drkiwilson@westlaneuro.com

We are so thrilled to have not just one guest this episode but two - Adrianne Meldrum and Heather Brand! Adrianne Meldrum founded and owns Made for Math, a fully online math center that supports students with dyslexia, dyscalculia, and other math-related learning challenges. She is a certified Multisensory Math Instructor and holds a master's degree from Bridges Graduate School of Cognitive Diversity. Adrianne lives in Arizona with her husband and three sons, where she enjoys the beautiful sunsets. Heather Brand, M.Ed., is a licensed educator with two decades of experience teaching students from Kindergarten through 12th grade. She currently works at Made for Math, supporting learners with dyslexia, dyscalculia, and other learning differences, and holds certifications in multisensory math instruction and reading intervention. Heather is passionate about sharing practical, structured strategies that help teachers confidently support all students while making math engaging and enjoyable. In this episode of the show, we unpack why dyscalculia is so hard to identify and why it often overlaps with conditions such as dyslexia and ADHD/ADD. In fact, Adrianne and Heather talk about how many of the students whom they see arrive with multiple diagnoses, and that raises a truly important question: when a child struggles with math, what's really causing the difficulty? Throughout our conversation, we take a look at how professionals sort through those overlapping factors, and Adrianne and Heather explain how assessments can reveal specific types of math struggles, whether they involve language, memory, sequencing, or foundational number sense, and they explain why understanding the root cause is so important. We also talk through some real classroom scenarios and case studies that showcase how these challenges actually take place in everyday learning. From students who can perform calculations but freeze when faced with word problems, to those who mix up the direction of their work or struggle to recall math facts, all of these examples help clarify what educators and parents should watch out for. In addition, we discuss practical strategies that can help students succeed! Adrianne and Heather share some approaches that build on understanding, strengthen math fact retrieval, and reduce the working memory load that can often overwhelm students, especially those with ADHD. They also touch upon how simple environmental changes, such as minimizing distractions and organizing information more clearly, can dramatically improve learning. Perhaps most importantly, however, we discuss how the right kind of instruction doesn't just improve math performance. It can actually rebuild confidence and reduce the anxiety that often accompanies math struggles! Enjoy our conversation with Adrianne Meldrum and Heather Brand! Show Notes: [3:56] - Dyscalculia is often diagnosed late and overlaps with other conditions, further complicating diagnosis. [6:44] - Early math struggles so often go unnoticed, yet they affect multiple areas alongside reading or attention difficulties. [9:50] - Students may calculate correctly but fail at word problems because of language or vocabulary challenges. [10:37] - Heather reflects on multi-diagnosed students who often show math difficulties that overlap with dyslexia, ADHD, or dysgraphia symptoms. [12:47] - When Heather assesses, she assesses whether math struggles stem from dyscalculia or other diagnoses. [15:30] - Observing students' problem-solving can help reveal specific issues such as directionality, that are separate from place value understanding. [16:49] - We hear how conceptual understanding uses visuals, while fact retrieval relies on memorization and fluency practice. [19:50] - Heather discusses how she uses cues and repetition before timed exercises, helping students get things right before they start doing them automatically. [23:47] - We hear how schema-based strategies teach students to analyze story problems, rather than linking words directly to operations. [26:23] - Heather explains and breaks down the ROMANS strategy. [29:34] - ADHD increases cognitive demands in math, making working memory and flexible problem-solving even more difficult. [30:15] - Adrianne reflects on how minimizing task switching and using visual support helps students with ADHD maintain attention and limit mistakes. [33:33] - Multiple sources for instructions can sometimes confuse students, so limiting transitions and providing frequent feedback is so important! [35:49] - Adrianne explains how reducing visual and language clutter helps protect working memory and boosts student confidence and learning ability. [37:42] - Matching instruction to a child's learning profile can drastically help increase engagement, understanding, and self-confidence! [38:19] - Adrianne highlights how evidence-based strategies benefit all students, not just those with diagnoses. [40:16] - How can listeners connect with Adrianne and Heather? Links and Related Resources: Episode 59: What is Dyscalculia (AKA Math Disorder)? with Monica Grillo Episode 60: A Multisensory Intervention for Kids Who Struggle with Math with Adrianne Meldrum Episode 122: Accommodations for Students Who Struggle with Math with Adrianne Meldrum Episode 197: Five Best Practices for Math Instruction – Dr. Sarah Powell More Podcast Episodes Connect with Adrianne & Heather: Made for Math Join Our Community: Substack

We are so happy to have Dr. Elina Veytsman join us for this episode of the show! Dr. Elina Veytsman is a licensed psychologist and the Director of Training at the UCLA PEERS® Clinic, where she leads groups for neurodivergent youth and their caregivers while also training interns, postdocs, and professionals. She earned her Psychology degrees at UCLA and UC Riverside, researching developmental disabilities and transition experiences for youth and parents, and completed her doctoral internship providing therapy, parent training, and diagnostic assessment services. Since joining the UCLA PEERS® Clinic in 2014, she has delivered the PEERS® program in multiple settings and also provides individualized PEERS services through a private practice in Los Angeles. Dr. Elina Veytsman joins us to discuss how we help neurodivergent teens and young adults explore dating in ways that are both safe and authentic to who they are. We unpack the importance of supporting relationship development for neurodivergent youth without removing their agency or individuality, and we start off by unpacking a common misconception - that autistic or neurodivergent youth are not interested in romantic relationships. In reality, many deeply want connection but may not have been given clear, explicit guidance about the social patterns that others often learn more informally. Our conversation in this episode explores how dating skills are teachable rather than innate, and Dr. Veytsman explains that social skills such as reciprocal conversation, recognizing romantic interest, understanding boundaries, and processing rejection can be broken into concrete, observable steps. Much of the work that she discusses is grounded in research and sociological observation, with more than 75 scientific papers supporting PEERS® programming. This episode of the podcast also touches upon how social cognition, perspective-taking, and communication differences can affect dating experiences. Safety and vulnerability are also major themes that we talk about, and we discuss risks such as online exploitation, misreading friendliness as romantic interest, and the challenge of recognizing subtle social cues. Dr. Veytsman highlights that vulnerability often comes from inexperience rather than neurodivergence itself and that education about red flags, consent, and online behavior can be very protective! Our discussion also highlights the strengths-based philosophy behind PEERS®. Rather than changing identity or forcing conformity, the program focuses on expanding communication tools, building confidence, and supporting young people as they pursue relationships that feel meaningful to them. If you are a parent, clinician, or someone interested in how neurodivergent youth can approach dating with confidence and safety, then this episode is not one that you will want to miss! Show Notes: [2:44] - Dr. Veytsman explains how romantic skills often begin in adolescence, starting with friendship and learning conversation, boundaries, and recognizing shared interests. [5:24] - Dating challenges could include one-sided conversations, so the program first teaches reciprocal communication before introducing relationship-specific skills. [7:10] - Dr. Veytsman discusses how limited peer learning and social cue misunderstanding can increase vulnerability to online exploitation. [10:23] - Hear how perspective-taking and social cognition can be strengthened like a muscle with structured practice of social thinking and empathy skills. [12:20] - Early training in communication, risk awareness, and perception helps build meaningful relationships by improving social understanding and behavior awareness. [13:42] - Vulnerability often arises from limited experience; explicit education helps youth recognize manipulation, red flags, and online safety risks. [16:41] - The PEERS® program is a strengths-based, neurodiversity-respecting, and skill-building dating / social development program for neurodivergent youth! [17:11] - Preparation, coaching, and education help autistic youth build healthy relationships via learning consent, rejection, safety, and partner recognition. [19:21] - We learn that approximately 70% of participants involve parents learning to coach social skills while respecting individuals' goals. [22:52] - Hear how the program truly promotes neurodiversity, teaches social tools for connection, and encourages personal choice rather than masking. [25:16] - Dating education covers rejection, boundaries, consent, and flirting as observable, research-grounded behaviors. [27:59] - We further learn how flirting and interest are taught via low-risk signals such as eye contact, smiles, and reciprocal conversation exchanges. [30:44] - Hear why online profiles should present clear, positive, authentic information and use profile-specific messages to initiate meaningful contact. [33:13] - Caregivers can help reinforce skills with praise-based feedback, homework practice, and shared interest activities. [36:57] - Evidence shows that PEERS® improves dating behavior, confidence, social participation, and relationship skill use across research studies! [40:08] - How can Dr. Veytsman be contacted? Links and Related Resources: More Podcast Episodes Episode 43: Building Social Competence and Enhancing Social Skills with Dr. Elizabeth Laugeson Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior - UCLA PEERS® Clinic Connect with Dr. Elina Veytsman: Center for Pediatric Neuropsychology Email: eveytsman@pediatricneuropsych.com Join Our Community: Substack

Please join us in welcoming Leslie Catlett, MS, OTR/L to the podcast! Leslie is the founder of The Penmanship Lab, where she helps children develop confident, functional handwriting skills that support real learning. As a pediatric occupational therapist and mom of two, she approaches handwriting challenges by looking beyond neatness to understand the deeper factors affecting each child. Leslie specializes in working with children with ADHD, dysgraphia, dyslexia, and autism, creating individualized, engaging strategies that make writing more accessible and meaningful. She holds a Master's degree in Occupational Therapy from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and is deeply committed to inclusive, strengths-based learning environments. In our conversation, we discuss the complexity of handwriting and why it's so often misunderstood, with Leslie explaining that handwriting isn't just a fine motor task but a full-body, brain-heavy activity that involves posture, attention, memory, sensory processing, and emotional regulation all at the same time. For neurodivergent learners, including children with ADHD, dysgraphia, dyslexia, or autism, handwriting can be truly exhausting, frustrating, and even overwhelming, and it's rarely a matter of laziness or lack of effort. We discuss the misconceptions that slow progress signals a lack of motivation or that kids will simply "grow out of it," and why traditional practice alone often makes matters even worse. Leslie highlights how occupational therapy addresses handwriting differently by building foundational skills first, from posture and core strength to visual motor coordination and sensory regulation, before layering on handwriting itself. Progress isn't just about neater writing; it shows up first as reduced frustration, more confidence, and increased endurance. In our conversation, we also talk about practical ways parents and educators can support handwriting and fine motor development at home, with Leslie highlighting the importance of short, successful practice sessions, movement breaks, and incorporating skills into play via crafts, cooking, outdoor activities, or even Lego building. Leslie also discusses when it's time to seek professional help, pointing out that handwriting struggles often impact self-esteem, school performance, and emotional regulation. We explore the purpose behind the Penmanship Lab itself, with Leslie having created it to provide one-on-one support for children who aren't getting enough guidance in school and to help parents feel empowered rather than guilty when their child struggles. She shares how addressing handwriting early can support not only academic success but also everyday independence, from buttoning shirts to tying shoes. Our conversation offers a practical guide for anyone wanting to understand, support, and celebrate children's unique learning needs! Show Notes: [2:30] - Handwriting is complex - requiring motor, sensory, attention, memory, and endurance skills simultaneously. [5:19] - Hear how dysgraphia stems from neurological differences, so practice alone doesn't improve handwriting without foundational support. [8:42] - Leslie discusses how handwriting engages the brain differently than typing, often improving confidence and emotional regulation first. [10:56] - Leslie explains how short, playful activities and motor work strengthen handwriting skills and maintain student engagement. [13:19] - Hear how early intervention can help prevent frustration. [16:16] - Short, daily handwriting practice improves skills, confidence, and behavior without causing parental blame. [18:32] - Leslie reveals how The Penmanship Lab fills gaps schools leave, providing one-on-one handwriting support for literacy development. [20:10] - Daily self-care tasks rely on fine motor skills, linking handwriting to broader functional independence. Links and Related Resources: Episode 39: Why Fine Motor Skills Matter with Jennifer Morgan Episode 219: Understanding Dysgraphia: Signs, Strategies, and Support for Struggling Writers Connect with Leslie: The Penmanship Lab's Website Email: thepenmanshiplab@gmail.com

We are joined in this episode by Stacey Shubitz, K-6 literacy consultant, a former elementary school teacher, and the co-founder of the Two Writing Teachers blog and podcast. Her forthcoming book, Make the School System Work for Your Child with Disabilities: Empowering Kids for the Future, empowers parents to navigate the special education system. In this episode, we talk openly about what it really takes to support a child with learning challenges in today's school system. Drawing from decades of experience on both sides of the table, Stacey shares why she wrote Make the School System Work for Your Child with Disabilities and what she wishes someone had told her when she was first trying to make sense of evaluations, IEP meetings, and endless paperwork. Our conversation centers on some of the practical mindset shifts that can help change everything for families, with Stacey explaining why leading with a child's strengths and not just their needs is so important for confidence and motivation. She also addresses disability language head-on, discussing why it is that naming disability isn't limiting but instead opens doors to services, legal protections, and access that families often don't realize they're entitled to. Throughout the episode, we highlight how knowledge of data, timelines, rights, and documentation can shift the power dynamic and help parents advocate more effectively. We offer some concrete guidance on when to push for evaluations, why waiting too long can do a lot of harm, and how to ask for progress data without feeling confrontational. Stacey also shares what makes IEP meetings feel collaborative instead of adversarial, from simple preparation strategies to small human touches that ease tension. Communication comes up again and again: how approaching teachers with curiosity, clarity, and respect can lead to better outcomes for kids! Stacey also speaks candidly about burnout, emotional exhaustion, and why joy isn't optional but protective. This conversation offers reassurance, realism, and a clear-eyed look at how parents can show up informed, empowered, and grounded while advocating for their children. Show Notes: [2:32] - Hear how Stacey's experiences with IEPs inspired her to help other parents. [4:04] - Stacey describes leading with strengths, not just challenges or disabilities. [6:03] - Highlighting positives alongside challenges helps children see themselves as capable. [9:42] - Stacey argues that children should know their rights and services so that they can advocate for themselves. [12:49] - It's so important for parents to monitor progress, request data, and push for evaluations when their child isn't advancing. [14:58] - Stacey adds that it's also essential to advocate firmly and request evaluations when interventions aren't producing results. [16:20] - Preparing for meetings with clarity, human touches, and understanding who's present can help make discussions more productive. [19:44] - Coming to meetings prepared with documents in advance helps balance power and supports advocacy. [23:04] - Stacey discusses how reviewing IEPs in advance can help ensure more effective teacher interactions. [25:00] - Approaching teachers with curiosity and gathering accurate information helps promote calm, productive conversations around school. [28:18] - Stacey gives an example of how being open about personal struggles allows teachers to provide better support for children. [30:33] - Stacey asserts that assuming positive intentions about teachers helps lead to collaboration and avoids unnecessary conflict. [32:07] - Stacey wishes that she had known sooner how important it is to read the procedural safeguards book to understand parental rights and timelines. [34:12] - Stacey expresses that she has learned that intentionally curating joy and connection can help prevent burnout. [37:05] - Joy is a legitimate form of intervention. Links and Related Resources: Stacey Shubitz - Make the School System Work for Your Child with Disabilities: Empowering Kids for the Future Episode 164: 5 Keys to Productive IEPs with April Rehrig Episode 238: Dismantling DEI and the Department of Education: How Changes Impact Your Child with Vickie Brett & Amanda Selogie Episode 246: Accommodations, Modifications, or Remediation? How to Know What Your Child Really Needs with Amy Cushner Connect with Stacey Shubitz: Stacey's Website Email: stacey@staceyshubitz.com Stacey's Substack Two Writing Teachers Website

We are happy to welcome back Jaime Porras for this episode! Jaime Porras is the District Vice President for Fusion Academy, overseeing nine campuses across Los Angeles and Santa Barbara. With more than two decades in education (including fourteen years at Fusion), he has held roles from teacher to Head of School and is passionate about fostering student-centered, relationship-driven learning environments. He holds an MA in Education with a focus on Social Justice from Antioch University Los Angeles and a BA in English from Ohio State University. A proud Buckeye and Culver City resident, Jaime enjoys sports, travel, literature, and discovering the best tacos in L.A., where he lives with his wife and daughter. Jaime joins us for this episode to discuss how the 1:1 learning model at Fusion Academy has become increasingly important in recent years as students have faced growing challenges with anxiety and depression, and disengagement. He explains that the pandemic drastically worsened many students' struggles with executive functioning and social anxiety but how, in a 1:1 setting, Fusion is able to provide a safe, supportive space where students can rebuild their confidence and reconnect with learning. By removing the pressure and comparison of a traditional classroom, students feel safer to take risks, make mistakes, and grow. Jaime highlights the importance of building a strong mentor-student relationship in which the teacher can truly understand and cater to each individual's unique needs, interests, and learning style, a personalized approach that also helps address issues around executive functioning, as Fusion teachers break down assignments into manageable steps while also explicitly modeling positive behaviors and social-emotional skills. Jaime notes that the 1:1 environment allows students the space to process feelings of failure in a healthy way without judgment from their peers. At the same time, Fusion works to build a sense of community and belonging via shared social spaces and activities, although the focus remains on creating an environment customized for each student's needs. Jaime believes that this model will only become more important in the years ahead as schools grapple with the lasting impacts of the pandemic on student mental health and engagement. Our conversation highlights how the 1:1 approach at Fusion Academy empowers students to rebuild their confidence and reconnect with their strengths even in the face of significant challenges. As the education landscape continues to evolve, this model may serve as an important blueprint for supporting the diverse needs of today's learners! Show Notes: [2:27] - Jaime describes how post-pandemic isolation worsened student anxiety and depression while boosting demand for 1:1 learning. [5:59] - 1:1 environments reduce social pressure and allow teachers to address each student's unique needs. [9:00] - Jaime stresses that individualized settings can lead to belonging, safety, and feelings of mattering. [12:08] - Learning begins with love and rapport, creating trust before taking on executive functioning challenges. [14:01] - Jaime explains how executive functioning develops with maturity, so Fusion Academy celebrates incremental progress. [17:11] - Jaime notes how 1:1 settings allow students to process failure safely and quickly recover. [19:41] - Fusion removes traditional school obstacles, focusing on individualized support without judgment. [22:37] - 1:1 learning suits kids who need safety, personalization, and emotional comfort. [23:08] - Jaime highlights Fusion's flexibility to adjust instantly for each student's needs. [25:21] - Jaime compares Fusion's structure to private lessons that separate focused learning from broader social experiences. [27:46] - Small-group environments let students more easily build real friendships and resolve conflicts. [29:48] - Jaime criticizes traditional schools for pressuring kids into activities that adults rarely pursue. [31:53] - Hear Jaime share a student's gradual growth from isolation to leadership, proving that patience and personalization can lead to confidence. [35:19] - Jaime predicts that 1:1 education will shape all schooling by highlighting growth over conformity. [38:30] - Where can Jaime be reached? Links and Related Resources: Episode 52: How a 1:1 Instruction Model Helps Students with Jaime Porras and Vailet Yarijanian Episode 154: Why Self-Efficacy and Self-Advocacy are Important for Diverse Learners with Ashley Harding Episode 189: The Private School Option for Kids with Learning Differences with Collette Bowers Zinn Episode 243: From Inclusion to Belonging: Creating Neurodiversity-Affirming Schools with Amanda Morin Connect with Jaime Porras: Fusion Academy Website

Joining us for this episode of Diverse Thinking Different Learning is Dr. Viannae Nelkin. Dr. Viannae Nelkin is a board-eligible pediatric neuropsychologist and founder of The Children's Neuropsychology Center. She earned her master's and doctorate in clinical psychology, training at top institutions including Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Cedars-Sinai, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, and Children's Hospital of Orange County. Her work focuses on early intervention, neurodiversity-affirming care, and empowering families to help their children thrive. Deeply committed to supporting children with neurological and genetic conditions, she will soon return to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center to continue her specialized work. ​​This conversation explores understanding the brain's remarkable ability to grow and adapt (its neuroplasticity) and how it can help shape how parents, educators, and clinicians support children with learning differences. Rather than viewing assessments as an endpoint, we discuss how each evaluation is a starting point or a roadmap revealing a child's unique learning profile and potential for growth. Dr. Nelkin describes neuroplasticity as the brain's superpower, an ongoing ability to form and strengthen neural pathways throughout life. She explains that learning differences are not signs of inability but are rather reflections of how differently each brain processes information. Through this lens, interventions aren't "fixes" for broken systems but are instead workouts for the brain - strategic ways to build new connections and reinforce weaker ones. Throughout our conversation, we highlight why early intervention is so important. The first few years of life are a critical window for development when neural connections form rapidly and learning experiences leave lasting imprints. However, families are too often told to "wait and see," delaying support until challenges have really taken a toll on a child's confidence, motivation, and emotional well-being. Dr. Nelkin highlights that early intervention can change that trajectory and can help kiddos not only catch up academically but also develop resilience and self-assurance. Our discussion challenges the stigma surrounding assessment and diagnosis. We stress that an evaluation doesn't define a child's limits but rather brings their strengths and needs to light so that educators and parents can customize support. We also discuss the incredible importance of collaboration between neuropsychologists, teachers, and caregivers. As Dr. Nelkin reminds us, the most powerful word in a child's journey is "yet" - they haven't mastered it yet, but with the right support, their potential is truly limitless! Show Notes: [2:33] - Dr. Viannae Nelkin highlights the importance of neuroplasticity to focus on children's potential rather than labels. [4:00] - Dr. Nelkin offers a comprehensive definition of neuroplasticity. [6:13] - We learn why Dr. Nelkin regards interventions as extra workouts for the brain. [9:20] - How can neuroplasticity be nurtured? [11:12] - Dr. Nelkin regards neuroplasticity as the brain's superpower. [14:14] - Dr. Nelkin argues for reframing stigma around assessments and collaborating between neuropsychologists, teachers, and parents. [17:42] - Early academic intervention helps diverse learners catch up and prevents later mental health struggles. [20:20] - Building strong early learning foundations can help prevent future academic difficulties. [21:57] - Dr. Nelkin explains how early educators can identify learning differences and apply strengths-based interventions to help kids. [24:12] - Dr. Nelkin loves helping very young children. [26:53] - Hear how specialists support children's learning at different stages using evidence-based strategies. [29:33] - Dr. Nelkin reiterates the importance of early intervention. [33:51] - Dr. Nelkin explains how learning and emotional challenges affect development. [36:48] - Assessments help reveal why a child struggles and provide parents with hope and understanding. [37:30] - Dr. Nelkin highlights and explains the importance of the power of "yet." Links and Related Resources: Episode 185: Late Diagnosis: Why Did I Get Missed? with Dr. Monica Blied Episode 203: ADHD and the Gut-Brain Connection: Exploring Integrative Treatments with Sara Langley, MSN, PMHNP-BC Episode 214: Private Neuropsychological Evaluation vs. School Evaluation Episode 215: How to Support Students Who Struggle with Reading Comprehension - with Dr. Emily Levy Episode 233: Body-Based Interventions for Neurodivergent Students with Megan Beardmore, PhD, NCSP Connect with Us: Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Register for Our "When Struggles Overlap" Live Webinar Email Dr. Wilson: drkiwilson@childnexus.com Connect with Dr. Viannae Nelkin: Dr. Viannae Nelkin's ChildNEXUS Page The CNPC Website

For this episode of the show, we are joined by Amy Cushner! Amy has dedicated more than 30 years to the Shelton School and a lifetime to advocating for neurodivergent individuals, infusing passion, humor, and wisdom into every stage she graces. From classrooms in Dallas to conferences in China, she has become a sought-after voice championing inclusive, strengths-based approaches across both education and business.. In this episode, Amy breaks down the important differences between accommodations, modifications, and remediation in the education system, explaining how these terms are often used interchangeably but have distinct purposes that can significantly impact a child's learning journey. Amy discusses the historical context, which traces back to Thomas Jefferson's vision for public education and the challenges of the "Goldilocks effect," ensuring the right fit for every student. She highlights why it's so important to understand the "magic number" that determines when remediation is provided, highlighting that the need for support does not disappear just because a student falls short of the threshold. Amy stresses the importance of understanding important distinctions as they have major implications for a student's educational journey, particularly when it comes to college and career choices, and she also emphasizes the crucial role of early intervention and the empowerment of students to self-advocate, using visual cues and clear communication about their accommodations. Throughout our conversation, Amy shares some valuable insights and practical advice for parents and educators, highlighting the need for a collaborative approach and the recognition that every child's learning journey is unique. Show Notes: [3:21] - Amy Cushner traces public education's evolution from Jefferson to modern challenges in individualized learning. [6:54] - Students often get accommodations when remediation or intervention is truly required. [7:12] - Amy criticizes rigid "magic number" cutoffs for remediation, calling them unfair and financially motivated. [9:13] - Accommodations, Amy explains, provide classroom access without altering expectations or content. [11:18] - Amy contrasts accommodations with modifications, which lower expectations to match processing or cognitive challenges. [13:54] - Amy highlights knowing accommodation vs. modification and likens it to learning another country's customs. [15:12] - Remediation can help develop missing skills caused by neurological learning differences, not intellectual deficits. [17:31] - Research shows us that remediation builds entirely new neural pathways, effectively rewiring students' brains. [20:17] - When schools won't fund remediation, parents have to seek external diagnoses and licensed therapists. [23:19] - Hear how true remediation requires trained therapists. [26:45] - Remediation needs to be paired with accommodations like audiobooks for full access. [27:39] - Amy explains how modifications alter curriculum expectations, influencing future school and college options. [30:02] - Amy suggests that teachers can use accommodations across the board to help build learning from the ground up. [32:32] - Starting instruction too high frustrates students, while accommodations let them build confidence gradually. [34:59] - Educational advocates help parents navigate laws, testing, and school obligations, helping to ease parental burdens. [38:10] - Timely intervention prevents years of lost learning caused by eligibility cutoffs. [41:21] - Amy encourages early remediation and teaching children to self-advocate for their accommodations. [44:29] - Honest conversations can help kids avoid developing inaccurate, damaging narratives about struggles. [45:48] - Amy reframes nonstandard brains as strengths that offer unique ways of seeing the world. [47:02] - What is the best way to get in touch with Amy Cushner? Links and Related Resources: "How to Initiate a Special Education Assessment" Episode 109: "IEP and 504 Plan Q&A with Vickie Brett and Amanda Selogie" Episode 164: "5 Keys to Productive IEPs with April Rehrig" Episode 218: "Understanding IEPs and 504 Plans: Which One Is Right for Your Child? - Marisol Chianello" Connect with Us: Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Register for Our "When Struggles Overlap" Live Webinar Email Dr. Wilson: drkiwilson@childnexus.com Connect with Amy Cushner: Amy's LinkedIn Page Phone: 972-855-8949 Email: amy@aceservice.org

Joining us for this episode of Diverse Thinking Different Learning is Leslie Forde! ​​Leslie is the CEO and Founder of Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® and soon-to-be published Author of Repair with Self-Care: Your Guide to the Mom's Hierarchy of Needs. Her business provides evidence-based tools to help moms reclaim their time and well-being from the never-done-list while also helping employers retain working parents and caregivers. Since March of 2020, over 3,700 parents have participated in her research study (the longest-running of its kind) on the pandemic's ongoing impact on work, care, and wellness. With more than twenty years in senior leadership and a decade focused on media and technology in childcare, eldercare, mental health, and education, Leslie is a sought-after speaker and consultant. She advises organizations such as HubSpot, Merck, Scholastic, and the Barr Foundation on how to retain and support parents, caregivers, and people of color. Our conversation explores the growing crisis of parental stress and maternal mental health, which has been made so much worse by a perfect storm of factors such as the lasting impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, rising costs, shortages in healthcare and childcare resources, and the unique challenges faced by parents of neurodivergent children. Leslie shares some insights from her extensive research on the topic, explaining how parents, especially mothers, are struggling to balance the demands of caregiving, household management, and careers, often at the expense of their own well-being. The guilt, shame, and lack of flexibility in the workplace make it especially difficult for many parents to ask for the support that they desperately need. Leslie highlights the critical importance of parents, especially mothers, prioritizing self-care even in small ways to build resilience and model healthy behaviors for their children. She provides practical tips such as identifying a daily "anchor" activity and being mindful of decision fatigue to help parents carve out time for their own mental, physical, and emotional needs. Our conversation also goes into the direct connection between parents' mental health and their children's wellbeing, and how, by supporting parents, we can have a profound impact on the whole family. This conversation offers a powerful and timely exploration of the parental mental health crisis, with practical insights and solutions that can make a real difference for families! Want a deeper dive into today's topic? Join Karen and Leslie for a ChildNEXUS & Mom's Hierarchy of Needs Joint Discussion; register here! Show Notes: [2:41] - Leslie argues that rising costs, long wait times, and poor support leave families emotionally and financially strained. [4:15] - Leslie points out how coordinating specialists, schools, and daily routines creates an overwhelming, often invisible burden. [6:13] - Mothers face worsening burnout as post-pandemic losses strip away time, resources, and support systems. [9:58] - Social conditioning and low workplace safety pressure women into overcommitment despite exhaustion and caregiving needs. [12:55] - Leslie asserts that many workplaces equate commitment with overwork, leaving parents afraid to ask for flexibility and support. [15:03] - Leslie points out how parents often feel isolated and ashamed when children struggle academically or socially. [17:39] - Many mothers feel trapped without partner support or financial means. [20:51] - Leslie asserts that ignoring self-care leads to burnout that harms health, family, and career stability. [23:46] - Exhausted parents struggle to engage with energetic children, straining relationships and shared activities. [25:47] - Leslie argues that parenting requires constant exhausting micro-adjustments, like juggling trains on endlessly shifting tracks. [28:36] - Dr. Wilson recommends Leslie's book for guidance. [29:11] - Leslie advises parents to establish a daily anchor habit and reduce fatigue around making decisions. [32:57] - Dr. Wilson points out that it's important to support parents of neurodivergent children while also encouraging their own self-care practices. [33:28] - Leslie agrees and reports that post-pandemic self-care has declined as responsibilities have increased and systems have become more strained. [36:48] - Leslie praises Karen's guidance for parents while emphasizing time management and self-care as very important. [38:10] - What is the best way to reach Leslie? Links and Related Resources: Episode 151: Parenting with ADHD: Insights and Inspiration with Holly Blanc Moses Episode 167: From Surviving to Thriving: A Mom's Hierarchy of Needs and Well-Being with Leslie Forde Episode 202: How Low Demand Parenting Can Reduce Stress and Support Neurodivergent Youth with Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge Leslie Forde - Repair with Self-Care: Your Guide to the Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® Connect with Us: Register for "Thriving Together Supporting Your Child and Yourself" with Leslie Forde and Dr. Karen Wilson Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Email Dr. Wilson: drkiwilson@childnexus.com Connect with Leslie Forde: Email: leslie@momshierarchyofneeds.com Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® Website Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® on Instagram Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® on Facebook Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® on Twitter Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® on Pinterest Mom's Hierarchy of Needs® on LinkedIn

Joining us for this episode of Diverse Thinking Different Learning is Barbara Arrowsmith-Young! Barbara is a pioneering author and innovator in neuroeducation, known for applying neuroplasticity to improve cognitive function. Since 1978, her work has helped individuals with learning difficulties, brain injuries, addiction, and age-related decline, and it is now used worldwide. She shares her groundbreaking journey in her bestselling book The Woman Who Changed Her Brain and her TEDx talk, and continues advancing research as Director of the Arrowsmith program. In this episode of Diverse Thinking Different Learning, Barbara shares her deeply powerful journey of overcoming significant learning difficulties she faced from a young age. Growing up in the 1950s, Barbara was labeled as "slow" and was told by her teachers not to have high expectations for her academic future, but despite the challenges, her mother's determination and Barbara's resilience allowed her to learn how to read, write, and do basic math, although she continued to struggle with comprehension and processing language. As an adult, Barbara had an epiphany after reading the work of neuropsychologist Alexander Luria. She discovered that the root of her learning difficulties was due to specific areas of her brain that were underperforming, so inspired by research on neuroplasticity, she set out to create cognitive exercises that could strengthen those weaker brain regions. She reflects in this episode on how, to her amazement, the exercises led to a huge change in her cognitive abilities, allowing her to fully engage in conversations, understand complex concepts, and more. Barbara discusses how she was determined to share this life-changing approach, founded the Arrowsmith School, and developed the Arrowsmith Program, which has now helped thousands of students around the world. She passionately advocates for integrating neuroscience and cognitive training into education, empowering all learners to enhance their brain's capacity and unlock their full potential. If you enjoy this episode, you will have the wonderful opportunity to learn more about Barbara's work during a live webinar on September 17th, 2025. Don't miss this chance to dive deeper into the power of neuroplasticity and how it can transform the lives of students who struggle with learning differences! Show Notes: [2:36] - Barbara Arrowsmith-Young reflects on having been labeled "slow" in grade one, internalizing shame before learning disabilities were even recognized. [4:38] - Despite intense effort and her mother's support, Barbara masked her difficulties with memorization and compensation. [7:32] - Barbara points out how brain imaging reveals students with learning difficulties overuse their strengths to compensate. [10:48] - Many students experience intense despair from persistent, misunderstood learning challenges. [11:17] - Barbara opens up about having struggled with suicidal ideation in eighth grade. [14:25] - Even though there is longstanding research, many schools still neglect brain-based approaches to learning. [15:13] - Hear how Barbara's father instilled belief in problem-solving and how Alexander Luria's work revealed the source of her struggles. [18:06] - Newly inspired by neuroplasticity research, Barbara designed clock-based brain exercises to help stimulate specific neural regions. [21:06] - Hear how mastering four-handed clocks transformed Barbara's comprehension. [22:53] - Barbara created Arrowsmith School to help integrate brain-based learning into mainstream education. [25:31] - Real change requires targeted brain exercises and not just accommodations. [26:50] - Barbara finds immense joy in witnessing cognitive transformation and improved mental health in her students. [29:05] - Arrowsmith lowers cortisol and anxiety while supporting recovery from learning difficulties. [32:07] - Hear how Barbara developed diverse cognitive programs to enhance brain function. [35:43] - Barbara urges education to embrace neuroplasticity early, believing that cognitive growth leads to empathy and future problem-solvers. Links and Related Resources: Barbara Arrowsmith-Young - The Woman Who Changed Her Brain: And Other Inspiring Stories of Pioneering Brain Transformation Barbara's TEDx Talk Take the Cognitive Questionnaire to Receive a Report on Your Unique Learning Profile Free "Shaping Our Brain" Webinar Series For Those Interested in Research Connect with Us: Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Register for Our Self-Paced Mini Courses: Support for Parents Who Have Children with ADHD, Anxiety, or Dyslexia Register for Our "When Struggles Overlap" Live Webinar Email Dr. Wilson: drkiwilson@childnexus.com Connect with Barbara Arrowsmith-Young: Arrowsmith - Website Barbara's ChildNEXUS Profile

We have not just one but two guests for you this week - Dr. Steve Truch and Devan Kublik! Steve has over 50 years of experience in education, beginning as a junior high school English teacher and then working as a school psychologist, ultimately founding The Reading Foundation clinics across North America to provide one-on-one therapy for students with learning difficulties. He is the primary author of the Discover educational programs used at the clinics and has written several books and articles on reading and cognitive assessment. His work reflects a continued commitment to aligning educational methods with current research, particularly in the science of reading. Devan Kublik holds a Bachelor of Arts in Linguistics and has been with The Reading Foundation since 1999, currently serving as Director of Standards across all locations. She has held leadership roles in multiple clinics and has contributed to nearly every aspect of the organization, including training, program development, and student assessment. Outside of work, she enjoys traveling, reading, and mountain activities. In our conversation, we discuss the issue of reading proficiency among U.S. students, where only 35% of 4th graders are considered proficient readers. We explore how reading instruction methods have changed and evolved over time, from the whole language method to the current emphasis on the science of reading and phonics. Dr. Truch explains how the speech-to-print method, focusing on teaching the phonemic structure of words and their corresponding visual representations, can be a more effective way to help students learn to read. Devan also highlights the importance of "dosage" (the intensity and duration of intervention) in speeding along the process, especially during the summer when students are not constrained by the school schedule. She shares how the Reading Foundation's programs offer individualized and immersive instruction customized to each student's unique needs, often leading to remarkable changes in their confidence and academic performance. Devan and Dr. Truch stress that while reading instruction has been a longstanding challenge for the education system, solutions that are backed by research are available, and that the key is connecting families with the right resources to help their children overcome reading difficulties and unlock their full potential. So, whether your child is a reluctant reader or has faced persistent challenges, this episode offers valuable insights and a glimmer of hope. Show Notes: [2:55] - Dr. Truch argues that teaching methods for reading often ignore science and harm struggling learners. [5:20] - Traditional phonics rules are inconsistent, but speech-to-print offers a more logical alternative. [8:49] - Dr. Truch adds that teaching children sound-to-spelling connections can lead to better results than relying on abstract rules. [12:11] - Summer can accelerate reading gains for struggling students via structured but individualized intervention. [15:46] - Proper intervention speeds along progress, especially when it is intensive, customized, and monitored. [18:04] - Summer also allows for customized literacy support based on a student's specific needs. [19:14] - Dr. Truch points out how effective reading intervention depends on both program dosage and using the correct method. [21:37] - Untreated reading struggles often leave lasting emotional damage, sometimes even resembling symptoms of PTSD. [23:29] - When parents lack the training to lead interventions, both they and the children can get frustrated. [25:45] - Rapid emotional changes happen once children experience early success via reading intervention. [27:24] - Early, focused instruction can boost lifelong success for struggling readers, as is backed by data and expert recognition. [30:01] - Hear how, with the right tools, one shy girl gained confidence and began reading aloud at school. [32:17] - Dr. Truch explains how targeted assessments can help pinpoint delays. Links and Related Resources: Episode 27: Why We Need to Support Parents Whose Kids Struggle with Learning with Maria Fagan Hassani Episode 208: Overcoming Dyslexia and Addressing The Reading Crisis with Sally Shaywitz, MD Episode 215: How to Support Students Who Struggle with Reading Comprehension – with Dr. Emily Levy "Reading with Your Child: Teaching Key Concepts and Building Habits of Mind" Connect with Us: Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Register for Our Self-Paced Mini Courses: Support for Parents Who Have Children with ADHD, Anxiety, or Dyslexia Connect with the Guests: The Reading Foundation - Website The Reading Foundation LA's Page on ChildNEXUS Email: office@readingfoundation.com

We are excited to welcome back guests Vickie Brett and Amanda Selogie of the Inclusive Education Project. Vickie Brett is a bilingual attorney who advocates for families' legal rights via the Inclusive Education Project, with a focus on empowering monolingual Spanish-speaking families. Dedicated to supporting clients facing challenges in the education system, she actively contributes pro bono work via the Los Angeles Superior Court and UCI Law School's Special Education Law Project. Amanda Selogie holds a background in Child and Adolescent Development and law, with a strong focus on civil rights and educational advocacy. Through her work with the Inclusive Education Project and various community roles, she promotes inclusive education and empowers children with disabilities and their families. They join the show for this episode to discuss the current potential threat to educational equity in the United States. Political pressures are mounting to dismantle the Department of Education and roll back diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives, and Amanda and Vickie reveal what's truly at risk for vulnerable students and their families. The conversation clarifies how efforts to get rid of the Department of Education gain dangerous momentum via legislation tying special education funding to anti-DEI policies, threatening critical services such as mental health programs, independent educational evaluations, and vocational training, all supports that many schools already struggle to maintain. We even highlight real-world impacts, like a San Diego vocational program losing funding despite the clear needs of its students. We also expose some common misconceptions behind "education returning to the states," showing how dismantling federal oversight damages protections against discrimination. The episode stresses the fact that federal funds remain a lifeline, especially in states reliant on them, and that cuts will only deepen existing inequities, further widening the gap between students who get support and those who don't. Our conversation also highlights how these changes create anxiety and confusion for families with Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) and 504 accommodations, and Vickie and Amanda warn that insufficient resources push children away from education and toward the prison system. The episode closes with a clear call to action: please make your voice heard to legislators at every level, as this can help impact the future of education. Vickie and Amanda share some practical tools and strategies for advocacy, stressing that the fight to protect equitable education is ongoing and impacts everyone, regardless of whether you live in a blue state or a red state! Show Notes: [3:33] - Republicans seek to dismantle the Department of Education using bills and budget changes, mostly stalled. [6:55] - Vickie asserts that federal oversight is important because local systems often fail, so families must engage more in IEPs. [9:01] - Criticism of the Department ignores state control and risks losing discrimination protections. [11:51] - Amanda points out that many opponents rely on federal education funds, complicating efforts to cut that funding. [13:57] - Proposed funding changes would allow states to pool IDEA money, risking cuts to mental health and after-school programs. [15:21] - Vickie offers a real-life example of San Diego students facing grants being shifted away from vocational programs. [17:12] - COVID grant freezes worsen teacher shortages while a Supreme Court case threatens public education funding. [20:41] - Vickie laments that the preschool-to-prison pipeline worsens. [23:48] - Amanda assures listeners that everything that the Trump administration has done since January has been to benefit the wealthy. [25:56] - Expelling struggling preschoolers worsens inequity, and dismantling DEI erases protections for neurodiverse children. [28:35] - Head Start funding is sadly insufficient and only partially protected. [31:28] - Learn about an app called 5 Calls, which makes it easier than ever to make phone calls to your representatives. [33:46] - Vickie argues that building parent networks and supporting advocacy groups strengthens efforts against education attacks. [36:25] - Amanda adds that laws require inclusive education and that parents need to advocate locally to protect programs. Links and Related Resources: Episode 90: Why You Need to Review IEP and 504 Plans Over the Summer with Vickie Brett and Amanda Selogie Episode 157: What Dyslexia Screening in Schools Means for Your Child with Vickie Brett and Amanda Selogie 5 Calls NAACP - "Know the Issues" Connect with Us: Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Register for Our Self-Paced Mini Courses: Support for Parents Who Have Children with ADHD, Anxiety, or Dyslexia Connect with Vickie & Amanda: Inclusive Education Project - Website Inclusive Education Project - Podcast Inclusive Education Project - Instagram Page

We warmly welcome Dr. Ryan DeLapp to Diverse Thinking Different Learning to discuss how to help teens manage and overcome racial stress. Dr. Ryan C.T. DeLapp is a licensed psychologist and the founder of the REACH program at The Ross Center, specializing in helping individuals cope with racial and cultural stress. With more than ten years of research and clinical practice, he has developed evidence-based treatments to build resilience in teens and adults. Dr. DeLapp has also authored more than twenty publications and delivered over 100 presentations on assessing and treating racial and cultural stress. His insights are also compiled in his workbook, Empower Yourself Against Racial and Cultural Stress. Dr. DeLapp joins us for this episode to discuss the challenges young people face when coping with racial and cultural stress. Drawing from his experience working with teens and young adults in the Bronx, Dr. DeLapp shares how his REACH program (Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Healing) was born from a need to address the emotional and psychological impacts of discrimination, particularly during the social upheavals of 2020. Dr. DeLapp breaks down three types of stress: emotional, agency, and identity stress. He explains why it is so crucial to identify and address each one, and he highlights the fact that stressors related to race and culture often go unrecognized, manifesting instead as behavioral issues like school refusal or disengagement. Our conversation also covers practical approaches to helping young people recognize and manage their experiences with cultural stress. Via storytelling and community involvement, Dr. DeLapp's methods encourage youth and caregivers to build resilience. This episode of the show also stresses the importance of celebrating cultural identity, not just addressing stress, with Dr. DeLapp advocating for community-driven healing and support that go beyond crisis management, highlighting empowerment via knowledge and cultural pride. This episode is essential listening for educators, caregivers, and anyone invested in the mental well-being of young people navigating cultural stress. Show Notes: [2:44] - Dr. Ryan DeLapp reveals how he created the REACH program to address cultural stress affecting youth and adults. [5:25] - Dr. DeLapp's book helps young people recognize and manage the impact of racism and cultural stress. [7:34] - Emotional, agency, and identity stress are examined. [10:34] - Dr. DeLapp encourages clinicians to explore cultural stress as a root cause of problematic behaviors. [13:10] - Dr. DeLapp designed the book to empower youth and families to help them articulate racial stress. [14:48] - Inspired by racial coping models, the book guides youth to clarify, cope, and heal effectively. [17:46] - Dr. DeLapp asserts that community healing involves using support networks to take on racial and cultural stress. [19:51] - Bridging generational divides helps adults empathize with youth facing cultural stress. [22:02] - Storytelling leads to solidarity among communities of color by sharing diverse experiences. [25:05] - Dr. DeLapp argues that educators need to reflect on cultural stress to better support their students. [28:48] - Celebrating cultural heritage can ultimately build pride (not just resilience) against discrimination. [30:54] - Thriving means embracing strengths while healing from and coping with cultural stress. Links and Related Resources: Episode 54: Managing Family Stress and Anxiety with Dr. Stephanie Mihalas Episode 75: How to Raise Justice-Minded Kids with Dr. Traci Baxley Episode 132: Social Justice: A Framework for Equity in Education with Charles A. Barrett, PhD, NCSP Ryan C.T. DeLapp - Empower Yourself Against Racial and Cultural Stress: Using Skills from the REACH Program to Cope, Heal, and Thrive Connect with Us: Get on our Email List Book a Consultation Get Support and Connect with a ChildNEXUS Provider Register for Our Self-Paced Mini Courses: Support for Parents Who Have Children with ADHD, Anxiety, or Dyslexia Connect with Dr. Ryan DeLapp: The REACH Program The Ross Center - Ryan DeLapp, PhD Dr. Ryan DeLapp's LinkedIn Page