History of Philosophy Audio Archive

RIP Bruno Latour (1947-2022)Follow Will’s writing on his Substack page, Hemlock:https://williamengels.substack.comSupport the entire show on Patreon and get early access:https://patreon.com/c/hemlockpatreonIn 2013, philosopher Bruno Latour delivered his lecture series “Facing Gaia: Six Lectures on the Political Theology of Nature” at the St. Cecilia Hall inside the University of Edinburgh. These are the six lectures:Lecture 1: Once Out of NatureLecture 2: The New Climatic RegimeLecture 3: The Puzzling Face of a Secular GaiaLecture 4: Anthropocene and the Destruction of the GlobeLecture 5: War of the WorldsLecture 6: Inside the "Parliaments of Nature"For further context, you can read the full discussion guide (144 pages) here. Here's a quick intro taken from the discussion guide (which was dedicated to Continental philosopher Peter Sloterdijk):Summary of the lectures: Those six lectures in ‘natural religion’ explore what it could mean to live at the epoch of the Anthropocene when what was until now a mere décor for human history is becoming the principal actor. They confront head on the controversial figure of Gaia, that is, the Earth understood not as system but as what has a history, what mobilizes everything in the same geostory. Gaia is not Nature, nor is it a deity. In order to face a secular Gaia, we need to extract ourselves from the amalgam of Religion and Nature. It is a new form of political power that has to be explored through a renewed attempt at political theology composed of those three concepts: demos, theos and nomos. It is only once the multiplicity of people in conflicts for the new geopolitics of the Anthropocene is recognized, that the ‘planetary boundaries’ might be recognized as political delineations and the question of peace addressed. Neither Nature nor Gods bring unity and peace. ‘The people of Gaia’, the Earthbound might be the ‘artisans of peace’.The lectures are organized by groups of two, the two first ones deal with the question of Natural Religion per se and show that the notion is confusing because on the one hand 'nature' and 'religion' share too many attributes and, on the other, the two notions fail to register the originality of scientific practice and the specificity of the religious regime of enunciation.Once the pleonasm of Natural Religion is pushed aside, it becomes possible to take up, in the next two lectures, the question,first of Gaia as it has been conceived by James Lovelock and of the Anthropocene, as it has been explored by geologists and climate scientists. It is thus possible to differentiate the figure of the Earth and of the agencies that populate it from the notion of nature and of the globe thus bringing to the fore the geostory to which they all belong.In the last two lectures, after the notion of Natural Religion has been put aside, and after the complete originality of Gaia and geostory have been foregrounded, it becomes possible to reopen the political question at the heart of what will be life at the Anthropocene. Once the key question of war has been introduced, the search for a peace along the delineations allowed by politically relevant 'planetary boundaries' to which Earthbound (the new word for Humans) accept to be bound become again possible.Credits:Art Credit: Egyptian Fragment of Queen's Face, Amarna Period, Ancient Egypt, Metropolitan Museum of New York. Carved in yellow jasper. Creative Commons.Source Material, University of Edinburgh, 2013. Fair Use.Ending Song: Anastasia Huppmann performs Beethoven, Piano Sonata No.30 in E major. Creative Commons.Interlude Song: Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 4 in E-flat major, performed by Burhan Erdemir. Creative Commons.Intro Song: Schubert, Impromptu No.3 in G-flat major, performed by Max John. Creative Commons.

RIP Michael Parenti (1933-2026). A brave, undimmed (sometimes controversial, of course) critic of that great juggernaut of death: the American Empire.HoPAA #180Watch the full video here from the College of DuPage here:https://youtu.be/OOF56wYTl1wREAD TRANSCRIPT AND POST MEMES ON PATREON:https://www.patreon.com/posts/151201440

Hemlock #42 - Support the History of Philosophy Audio Archive on Patreon, and follow William Engels's writing on Substack.I am joined on this episode by independent writer and philosopher Emma Stamm to discuss the late, great, Mark Fisher. Emma is a member of the theory collective LEPHT HAND, and she has a new online course enrolling soon/now on Mark Fisher's "Acid Communism." You can also follow Emma's writing (Elf Theory) on Substack.SHOW NOTES:Books and Articles Referenced:Books by Mark Fisher:Acid Communism (Unfinished Introduction, 2016)Capitalist Realism: Is There No Alternative? (2009)The Weird and the Eerie (2016)Postcapitalist Desire: The Final Lectures (2020)Ghosts of My Life: Writings on Depression, Hauntology, and Lost Futures (2014)K-Punk: Politics (Anthology, 2020)More Everything Forever: AI Overlords, Space Empires, and Silicon Valley's Crusade to Control the Fate of Humanity (2025) by Adam BeckerTrauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence - From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror (1992) by Judith HermanPostscript on the Societies of Control (1990) by Gilles DeleuzeWorks by philosopher Byung-Chul Han:The Agony of Eros (2017)Psychopolitics: Neoliberalism and New Technologies of Power (2014)The Burnout Society (2010)Gaia Wakes: Earth's Emergent Consciousness in an Age of Environmental Devastation (2025) by Topher McDougalBook that Emma and I did NOT like about 'longtermism' and Effective Altruism: What We Owe the Future (2022) by William MacAskillOther Events, People, References:Haight-Ashbury Human Be-In (January 1967)Jacob Chansley the " QAnon Shaman"Timothy Leary and Eldridge Cleaver do LSD in Algeria (1970)

Support the Archive on Patreon! Follow William Engels's writing on Substack. Who do the Black Hills really belong to? Was George Armstrong Custer a hero, an idiot, or a fanatic? Who carved Mount Rushmore, and what was it supposed to represent (the "apotheosis of Western Civilization?") What happened at Wounded Knee (in 1890, and 1973) - and why does Secretary of War (sic) Pete Hegseth (sick) want to make sure that those Medals of Honor are preserved?My guest on Hemlock #40 was Matthew Davis, author of A Biography of a Mountain: The Making and Meaning of Mount Rushmore available now in bookstores. You can read more about Matthew on his website, https://www.matthewdaviswriter.com/NOTESBooks:The Heartbeat of Wounded Knee by David TreuerAmerican Holocaust: The Conquest of the New World by David E. StannardDeath Sonnet for Custer by Walt Whitman (later titled "From Far Dakota's Canons" in Leaves of Grass:FROM far Dakota's cañons,Lands of the wild ravine, the dusky Sioux, the lonesome stretch, thesilence,Haply to-day a mournful wail, haply a trumpet-note for heroes.The battle-bulletin,The Indian ambuscade, the craft, the fatal environment,The cavalry companies fighting to the last in sternest heroism,In the midst of their little circle, with their slaughter'd horsesfor breastworks,The fall of Custer and all his officers and men.Continues yet the old, old legend of our race,The loftiest of life upheld by death, 10The ancient banner perfectly maintain'd,O lesson opportune, O how I welcome thee!As sitting in dark days,Lone, sulky, through the time's thick murk looking in vain for light,for hope,From unsuspected parts a fierce and momentary proof,(The sun there at the centre though conceal'd,Electric life forever at the centre,)Breaks forth a lightning flash.Thou of the tawny flowing hair in battle,I erewhile saw, with erect head, pressing ever in front, bearing abright sword in thy hand, 20Now ending well in death the splendid fever of thy deeds,(I bring no dirge for it or thee, I bring a glad triumphal sonnet,)Desperate and glorious, aye in defeat most desperate, most glorious,After thy many battles in which never yielding up a gun or a colorLeaving behind thee a memory sweet to soldiers,Thou yieldest up thyself.

Support this work on Patreon⁠⁠Read the full write-up on this archive on William Engels's Substack, Hemlock.⁠Part 2 of 2:We all have our little solipsistic delusions, ghastly intuitions of utter singularity: that we are the only one in the house who ever fills the ice-cube tray, who unloads the clean dishwasher, who occasionally pees in the shower, whose eyelid twitches on first dates; that only we take casualness terribly seriously; that only we fashion supplication into courtesy; that only we hear the whiny pathos in a dog's yawn, the timeless sigh in the opening of the hermetically-sealed jar, the splattered laugh in the frying egg, the minor-D lament in the vacuum's scream; that only we feel the panic at sunset the rookie kindergartner feels at his mother's retreat. That only we love the only-we. That only we need the only-we. Solipsism binds us together, J.D. knows. That we feel lonely in a crowd; stop not to dwell on what's brought the crowd into being. That we are, always, faces in a crowd."-Westward The Course Of Empire Takes Its Way", Girl With Curious HairIn an act of desperate folly, I have collated (by my count, which could be wrong) twenty-nine different recordings of DFW, (29!) - and placed them in as strict a chronological order as the otherwise-degraded catalogues of 90s and 00s public radio metadata will allow. There are various (much older) DFW audio archive projects - which I have used to make this - but they are half the size/accuracy/detail of THIS behemoth. May its 14 hour bulk guide you through the 14-hour night of the Winter Solstice. Depending on latitude.If you listen to this, you are empowered to say with a straight face that you have heard every interview that David Foster Wallace ever gave. This is my holiday gift to all of you, and my sign-off for the year, as I head home for Christmas.Enjoy.Music Credits: Creative Commons: Chopin, Raindrop Prelude Op 28 No 15, CC-0 performed by Rousseau (⁠YouTube⁠)

SOUND CREDIT: The Chamber Stage (YouTube)Support the boys (Thomas Vanek & Richard Sinex) and I on Patreon and YouTube:https://patreon.com/c/hemlockpatreonhttps://www.youtube.com/@hemlock-ytBecause someone will ask: the Nixon tape is from Feb 1st 1972 and features the Reverend Billy Graham giving his fascinating interpretation of the Jewish Question in the Oval Office. Nixon concludes (its' a little garbled on the tape) by saying "I believe it. I can't say it but I believe it."https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/white-house-tapes/662/conversation-662-004The books in question are "The Contrarian" by Max Chafkin (the better book, for the record) and "The Philosopher in the Valley" by Michael Steinberger.

Hemlock #39Nuclear war, and nuclear risk, are still just as real and just as close as they have been during the tensest eras of the Cold War. I had questions about where suspected nuclear flashpoints were forming - in South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Japan, and Iran - and wanted to review Trump's record of militarizing outer space, resuming nuclear testing, pre-emptively attacking Iran's nuclear reactor sites, and spending billions in a never-ending American quest for "Star Wars" or missile defense (in this latest iteration: not Reagan's SDI, but rather The Golden Dome). Which is why I invited Jack on the show.Jack Kennedy is the nuclear risk editorial fellow for the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. He is a doctoral candidate and research associate at the Centre for International Security at the Hertie School of Governance in Berlin. His research focuses include strategic stability under conditions of multipolarity, extended deterrence, and coercive diplomacy. He previously worked at the European Peacebuilding Liaison Office, and as a journalist. He holds a master’s degree from Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. You can read Jack's very insightful article Washington's neglect of South Korea's security concerns is a proliferation problem here. We had a wide-ranging and largely in-tune conversation about horizontal proliferation, nuclear latency, real policy wonk shit like specific treaties, and dug into the nuclear histories of the US, Iraq, Pakistan, South Africa, and North Korea.All this to say: this is how you don't blow up the world.References:1981 Iraqi Osirak Reactor Bombing (Operation Opera)Seymour Hersh Article about Iran's Nuclear Reactor Strike:I sort-of misremembered this article - estimates vary on how much the US strike set back the program. I said 'sixty days' which I heard somewhere but can't recall. Sy Hersh suggests 'years' but others imagine less, given that the centrifuges were likely not destroyed but merely buried. The size of the setback is ultimately immaterial to the point being made, a question of tactics. The principle of the strike itself was what made the situation dangerous and destabilizing and ultimately unworkable.https://seymourhersh.substack.com/p/was-it-obliteration?utm_source=publication-search