It Depends: Lessons in Technology Leadership

Most technical leaders assume the path to executive is paved with more technical excellence. It isn't. At a certain level, the ceiling stops being technical and starts being about business fluency, and that ceiling is invisible until you've hit it. In this episode, Kevin walks through the shift that CTOs, VPs, and directors need to make to actually lead at the executive level, and why the skills that got them there are the ones they have to partially unlearn. He shares a framework he calls the four moves of business fluency (translate, trade off, commit, compound) and the four contexts where technical leaders either build this skill or fail to: P&L, sales and customer work, fundraising and investor relations, and strategy. This one is for senior engineering leaders eyeing an executive seat, current CTOs who want to stop being read as specialists at their own exec table, and anyone whose career has started to feel capped despite shipping well. Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com)

Your boss doesn't step into your area because they want to micromanage. They step in because nobody said "I got it," and silence looks the same as not paying attention. This episode is about the ownership behavior that separates leaders who are trusted to run their area from leaders whose bosses keep checking in. Kevin introduces the Ownership Triangle (Signal, Route, Verify), a simple loop that works at every level from engineering manager to CTO. He talks about the lesson his CEO taught him at his first CTO job about catching problems before they escalate, the difference between ownership and accountability, and why "I was planning to handle it" doesn't count if you never said so out loud. He also gets honest about a trap he still falls into: being too busy to delegate the things he's too busy to do himself. Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com) Team of Teams: New Rules of Engagement for a Complex World, General Stanley McChrystal (Amazon Link)

The path from Director to CTO isn't a single ladder. It's a gradual expansion across three dimensions: your focus widens from your team to the company to the industry, your orientation shifts from execution to operations to strategy, and your technical breadth grows from narrow specialist to broad generalist. In this episode, Kevin maps out what that progression actually looks like at each level, drawing on his own career through Adobe, Spotify, and multiple startups. He shares practical ways to develop the skills you need before you need them, from taking finance people to lunch and shadowing unfamiliar teams, to aligning your team's work with company strategy, even when the company is moving in a direction you didn't expect. Kevin also covers the mentoring side. If you're already a VP or CTO, how do you identify high-potential leaders and intentionally develop them? He talks about delegation, transparency, and giving feedback that's aimed at the next level, not just the current one. Whether you're a director trying to figure out what VP-level thinking actually looks like, or a CTO thinking about how to grow the leaders behind you, this episode gives you a concrete framework for both. Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com)

Moving from managing individual contributors to managing managers requires a fundamental shift that many leaders struggle with. In this episode, Kevin shares lessons from his own difficult transition, where staying too close to the work actually limited both his team's growth and his own. The core challenge isn't autonomy versus control. It's leverage versus comfort. When you focus too far down into your organization, you become an information bottleneck, your managers lose ownership, and your own leadership growth stalls. The job fundamentally changes: your leverage no longer comes from making decisions, but from providing context. Kevin covers the warning signs of overmanaging (managers escalating decisions that clearly belong to them, work slowing when you're unavailable), practical frameworks for delegating effectively, and why feeling indispensable is usually a red flag, not a success metric. A key test: Could you step away for two weeks? Would your managers make good decisions without you? If not, you might be the problem. Using Agile Techniques to Build a More Inclusive Team: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Atfxtk2Q90k Every Decision Creates a Policy: https://itdependspod.com/episodes/every-decision-creates-a-policy/ "Turn the Ship Around!: A True Story of Building Leaders by Breaking the Rules" by L. David Marquet: https://amzn.to/49XH2Ty Delegation Poker from Jurgen Appelo: https://medium.com/@jurgenappelo/unclear-team-responsibilities-use-delegation-levels-985537dbea38 Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com) ConFoo 2026 (https://confoo.ca/en/2026)

In this episode, Kevin tackles a paradox that most leaders don't see coming: the moment you get comfortable in your role is often the moment you stop improving. Drawing on his decade as a CTO, he explains why success and experience can become dangerous if you're not deliberately reflecting on how you work, why you make the choices you make, and where your blind spots might be hiding. Kevin breaks down why reflection isn't optional for senior leaders. At the C-level, you don't get much feedback or development; you're expected to figure it out yourself. Your peer group shrinks. The job gets easier because you've seen these problems before. And that comfort is exactly when autopilot kicks in, when you stop asking "why," and when you risk becoming less effective for the people who depend on you. The episode covers Kevin's personal reflection system: a twice-yearly strategic offsite, quarterly goal-setting, monthly calendar reviews, and weekly time-tracking. But he emphasizes you don't need to copy his process; you need to find what works for you and evolve it over time. He shares practical advice on starting small, making time when you feel too busy, and why the practice matters more than perfection. Reflection isn't about having it all figured out; it's about staying deliberate, adaptive, and intentional as a leader. Whether you're a new manager learning to step back from the work, a senior leader feeling too comfortable, or anywhere in between, this episode makes the case that you can't lead others to grow if you've stopped growing yourself. The Personal Strategy Offsite episode: https://itdependspod.com/episodes/the-personal-strategy-off-site/ Own Your Calendar episode: https://itdependspod.com/episodes/own-your-calendar-work-deliberately/ Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com) ConFoo 2026 (https://confoo.ca/en/2026)

In this episode, Kevin tackles one of the most misunderstood topics in software development: technical debt. Drawing on his experience at Microsoft, Spotify, and early-stage startups, he challenges the common assumption that all technical debt is bad, explaining why healthy teams intentionally take on debt as part of shipping software effectively. Kevin introduces a practical four-part framework for understanding technical debt: pragmatic debt (taken on deliberately to validate ideas or meet constraints), required debt (that directly impacts reliability, security, or delivery capability), incidental debt (stable, low-risk code that's safe to ignore), and symptomatic debt (a signal of deeper organizational problems that code fixes won't solve). He explains how to identify each type and, more importantly, how to decide what deserves your team's attention and what doesn't. The episode explores why teams often struggle to get product support for addressing technical debt, how to tie debt decisions to business outcomes, and why some debt is actually a symptom of broken systems rather than poor engineering choices. Kevin shares real examples from his own career, including inheriting a monolith that had outlived its usefulness and intentionally taking on debt at Spotify to learn faster. Whether you're an engineering leader trying to prioritize what debt to fix, a product manager wondering why engineers keep talking about refactoring, or an executive trying to understand which debt threatens business outcomes, this episode provides a strategic lens for making better decisions about the inevitable trade-offs in software development. ConFoo 2026 (https://confoo.ca/en/2026) Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com)

In this episode of It Depends: Lessons in Technology Leadership, Kevin Goldsmith breaks down what it really means to craft a technical strategy that aligns your engineering organization with business goals. Drawing on decades of experience as a technology leader and CTO, he explains why simply having a plan in your head isn’t enough: a strategy must be documented, shared, and revisited regularly if it’s going to guide meaningful decisions. Kevin outlines practical steps for building an effective strategy, including identifying business-aligned guiding principles, defining realistic technical bets, validating them with peers, and ensuring that every level of the organization maintains alignment. He also explores common pitfalls, including confusing strategy with a roadmap, making it too vague or too prescriptive, or failing to communicate it. He describes how a well-articulated strategy makes decisions easier, reduces friction, and gives teams greater autonomy and purpose. It’s a clear, grounded guide for any engineering leader preparing for the new year, whether you’re a CTO shaping company direction or an EM ensuring your team’s work supports broader goals. ConFoo 2026 (https://confoo.ca/en/2026) Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com)

In this episode, Kevin digs into the often-ignored side of engineering leadership: organizational design. He explores how structure shapes communication, culture, and even software architecture. Conway’s Law still applies. Kevin shares practical ways to diagnose bottlenecks, refactor teams, and evolve your organization with intent. From mapping the flow of work to understanding team topologies, this is a grounded guide to designing organizations that actually work. Architecture and Organization talk (https://www.kevingoldsmith.com/talks/architecture-and-organization.html) Reinventing Organizations by Fredric Laloux (https://amzn.to/43fwrRk) Team Topologies by Skelton/Pais (https://amzn.to/4nPHVDA) Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 (https://itdependsbook.net) Your host: Kevin Goldsmith (https://kevingoldsmith.com)

Kevin returns with practical ways to turn an unplanned career break into momentum, then demystifies what a startup CTO actually does all day.

This is a repeat of an episode originally released on March 2, 2025 In this episode of the "It Depends" podcast, host Kevin Goldsmith shares his unique experience designing Spotify's engineering career framework. As the leader of this initiative, Kevin provides a behind-the-scenes look at how Spotify's distinct career pathing system was developed, a system that reinforced its unique engineering culture rather than undermining it. Kevin explains the delicate balance of timing when implementing a career framework. Waiting too long (as Spotify did) can cause problems, but implementing too early can stifle a growing organization. He emphasizes how career pathing must align with company values, as it directly influences what behaviors get rewarded and ultimately shapes your culture. The episode covers Spotify's collaborative approach to creating its "Career Steps" framework, involving representatives from across the organization rather than simply adopting another company's model. Kevin shares their guiding principles, including the crucial shift from focusing on achievements to behaviors, supporting specialists and generalists, and defining career growth by expanding spheres of influence. Whether you're a tech leader contemplating how to structure growth paths for your team or an individual contributor wondering how career frameworks influence company culture, this episode is a must-listen. It offers valuable insights into one of the most foundational aspects of engineering leadership, insights that are relevant and beneficial for both roles. LeadDev New York (Use the discount code “KEVIN15” for 15% off on your registration) Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 Your host: Kevin Goldsmith

If you are on the technology management track, the final role is Chief Technology Officer. Still, the path to the role is not obvious because the role itself differs greatly from company to company. The episode includes chapter 10 from "It Depends: Writing on Technology Leadership 2012-2022," "Becoming a CTO." This chapter discusses the common skills needed for the CTO in almost any company and how the role differs between early-stage and mid-stage companies.This is a repeat of an episode originally released on April 28, 2024. Seattle's Got Tech Event at Seattle Startup Week LeadDev New York Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 Your host: Kevin Goldsmith

In this season finale, Kevin pulls back the curtain on his entire book-writing and self-publishing journey. What started as a collection of blog posts became "It Depends: Writing on Technology Leadership, 2012 to 2022" – but why go the DIY route instead of working with a traditional publisher? You'll learn: The real reasons tech leaders should (or shouldn't) write books Detailed breakdown of self-publishing vs. traditional publishing Specific tools and workflows: from WordPress to Word, ChatGPT for indexing, and recording audiobooks at home The business side: Amazon KDP vs. Ingram Spark, profit margins, and what actually sells Costly mistakes to avoid (spoiler: don't waste time on fancy tooling) How to promote without feeling like a sleazy self-promoter Perfect for: Anyone considering writing a book or starting a content business Tech leaders thinking about building their personal brand Entrepreneurs curious about the nuts and bolts of launching a creative venture Even if you never plan to write a book, Kevin's approach to learning a new business from scratch offers valuable lessons for any side project or career pivot. Plus, you'll get the honest truth about royalties, sales numbers, and whether it's actually worth the effort. This episode doubles as both a practical how-to guide and a case study in DIY entrepreneurship. Kevin's Gen X, do-it-yourself approach (honed from years running a record label) provides a refreshing alternative to the usual "scale fast or die" startup mentality. Seattle's Got Tech Event at Seattle Startup Week LeadDev New York Will Larson's Blog Post on self-publishing vs traditional publishing Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 Your host: Kevin Goldsmith

Host Kevin Goldsmith responds to six listener questions covering common leadership and career challenges in technology organizations. Episode Content: Learning and Development on Limited Resources - A team lead in Lagos asks about fostering continuous learning without access to expensive training programs. Kevin discusses free resources, including conference talks on YouTube, vendor training materials, online courseware, and strategies for organizing local meetups and knowledge-sharing sessions. Personal Retrospective Systems - An SRE professional in Portland seeks structured approaches for personal leadership reflection. Kevin details his multi-layered system: weekly, monthly, quarterly, and bi-annual review processes, including his specific weekly questions and bullet journaling methodology. Organizational Change Management - A manager struggles with department heads who verbally commit to transformation initiatives but show limited follow-through. Kevin addresses the brutal reality that sometimes personnel changes are necessary when key people resist required organizational shifts. Technical Debt vs. Immediate Delivery - A healthcare technology professional faces pressure to implement quick patches while advocating for proper architectural redesign. Kevin emphasizes the importance of understanding business context and having frank discussions with leadership about trade-offs. Early Career Overwhelm - A junior data engineer, hired as the first data person at a startup, feels overwhelmed balancing immediate requests with infrastructure foundations. Kevin provides perspective on realistic expectations for junior professionals and the importance of focusing on current competency over long-term planning. Product-Engineering Team Dynamics - A product team leader experiences friction with engineering counterparts who prioritize their roadmap over product initiatives. Kevin identifies this as a fundamental structural issue, advocating for unified backlogs and shared accountability between product and engineering functions. The episode offers direct, sometimes blunt advice about leadership realities, emphasizing practical frameworks over theoretical approaches. Kevin shares specific processes he uses personally and addresses the difficult decisions leaders must sometimes make. Listener Survey: https://forms.gle/JVeKHsHJKhEM3dvK6 The book: It Depends: Writing on Technology 2012-2022 Your host: Kevin Goldsmith