Kootenai Church Sunday School

The Second Commandment raises questions that don't always yield easy answers—and Lesson 32 of Christian Ethics and the Old Testament leans into that tension honestly. Dave Rich picks up where he left off, first addressing mental images of God, then turning to one of the more genuinely contested questions in Reformed ethics: may Christians use images of Jesus?Rich walks through the relevant biblical and theological foundations, establishing what is beyond dispute—images of any kind may not be worshiped—before working through six arguments commonly raised against pictures of Jesus in artistic or instructional contexts. He engages each argument carefully, drawing on Calvin, Packer, Frame, Grudem, Douma, and others, neither dismissing the concerns nor accepting every conclusion. The key turning point is the Incarnation itself: the biblical rationale for prohibiting images of God rested on the fact that Israel saw no form at Horeb. Jesus, as the depictable God who took on genuine human flesh, changes that calculus.Rich distinguishes between portraits designed for devotion—which he views with serious caution—and historically grounded artistic or instructional depictions, which he finds less clearly prohibited. He closes by reading Matthew 4 and Revelation 1 aloud and asking whether the mental images those texts inevitably produce are themselves a problem—and what that means for the broader question. ★ Support this podcast ★

Charles Spurgeon hated controversy. He spent nearly forty years fighting it anyway.In this second installment on the life and legacy of the "Prince of Preachers," Phil Johnson, executive director of Grace to You, traces Spurgeon's place in what he calls the Truth War: the long, reluctant fight against error that defined Spurgeon's ministry far more than most modern admirers realize.Johnson walks through Spurgeon's battles one by one, from the baptismal regeneration controversy to his outspoken stand against American slavery, through the Rivulet hymnal dispute, and into the Downgrade Controversy that consumed his final years and ultimately cost him his denomination. Along the way, he exposes a strange irony: many who praise Spurgeon today stand against nearly everything he actually preached.Drawing on Spurgeon's own words, Ian Murray's The Forgotten Spurgeon, and even a German theologian's begrudging tribute, Johnson shows why Spurgeon's example as a defender of doctrine may matter more for the church now than his example as a preacher.This episode challenges listeners to ask whether they truly stand where Spurgeon stood, or simply admire him from a safe historical distance. ★ Support this podcast ★

Most Christians agree they should read the Bible—but how often? How much? And what do you do with the genealogies and census lists? In Lesson 29 of Christian Ethics and the Old Testament, Dave Rich turns the lens on the Bible itself, examining what Scripture says about its own intake and what that means for everyday practice.Rich walks through Psalm 19, Psalm 119, Joshua 1:8, Deuteronomy 6, and the example of the Bereans in Acts 17 to build a cumulative case for what biblical engagement actually looks like. The pattern that emerges is clear: God's Word is meant to be present in a believer's life pervasively—not casually or occasionally—and the psalmist's deep love for Scripture sets the standard for how we ought to hold it.Rich also gets practical. While the Bible doesn't issue a command to read a set number of chapters daily, it does establish an expectation. He puts the numbers on the table: reading through the entire Bible in a year requires just 12–15 minutes a day—roughly 1% of a waking day. He cites a 2025 survey showing that only 31% of Protestant churchgoers read their Bibles daily and challenges listeners to consider whether their current pace is enough to genuinely know what the whole Bible teaches.This lesson is a needed wake-up call and a practical encouragement to anyone who wants to pursue biblical ethics from a foundation of Scripture they actually know. ★ Support this podcast ★

The Bible we hold is a translation of ancient manuscripts. But does that gap between the original autographs and our English Bibles introduce error we should be worried about? In Lesson 27 of Christian Ethics and the Old Testament, Dave Rich works through the transmission and translation of Scripture—and makes the case that we have every reason for confidence.Rich opens with the logic: reliable manuscripts plus faithful translation equals God's Word in English. Either piece can fail, and he walks through what happens when it does. From there he examines the manuscript evidence for the Old Testament—the Masoretic Text, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and the Septuagint—showing that agreement across those sources is remarkably stable. The one significant variant, Psalm 22:16, turns out to have strong textual support for "they pierced my hands and feet," consistent with its unmistakably messianic context.New Testament transmission is even more extensively attested—over 5,800 Greek manuscripts, with 99.5% of the text determinable from existing evidence. Rich walks through the nature of the variants honestly, showing that the most significant ones are well known, clearly marked in modern translations, and doctrinally non-threatening.The lesson closes with a survey of English translations across a spectrum from highly literal to outright corrupt: the YLT, NASB, LSB, ESV, NIV, New Living, and then the Message, the New World Translation, the Passion Translation, and several others that distort the text to serve a theological agenda.God had a purpose in giving His Word, Rich argues, and that same providence extends to its transmission and translation into every language. ★ Support this podcast ★

Dave Rich returns for Lesson 25 in the Christian Ethics and the Old Testament series. After establishing Scripture's authority through inspiration last session, this lesson works through the next essential questions: Is the Bible clear enough, necessary enough, and sufficient enough to serve as the foundation for Christian ethics?Rich opens with the doctrine of the clarity of Scripture—what theologians call perspicuity—grounding it in passages from Deuteronomy, Psalms, and the New Testament epistles. The argument is straightforward: if the Word was given to ordinary Israelites, to children, to simple people across all kinds of circumstances, it is clear enough for Christians to use it for ethics. But Rich is careful to walk through honest qualifications. The unregenerate cannot fully understand Scripture. Clarity grows through study and obedience. No one comprehends all of it perfectly.From clarity, the lesson moves to necessity. Could a believer do ethics without the Bible? Rich uses a thought experiment to show why the answer is no—conscience and general revelation together are simply not enough. The Bible is the only transcript of God's words and therefore the only source of absolute ethical norms.The final section addresses sufficiency. Drawing on 2 Timothy 3 and Psalm 119, Rich argues that Scripture contains everything God requires us to know to live rightly—not as a ceiling on learning, but as a complete and binding standard. Nothing may bind the conscience that is not found there. Nothing is sin that Scripture does not call sin.This lesson lays the groundwork for everything that follows in the series. ★ Support this podcast ★

Dave Rich tackles one of the most debated questions in Christian theology: How should believers use the Old Testament law for ethical guidance? With clarity and biblical precision, he examines the 613 Mosaic laws and asks which ones still apply to Christians today. Why do we follow some commandments but not others? Are the Ten Commandments still binding? What about dietary restrictions and civil penalties?Rich walks through six major theological approaches to the law, from Marcionism's complete rejection to views that embrace nearly all Old Testament regulations. He examines New Testament passages that seem contradictory—some declaring the law a burden not to be imposed on believers, others affirming its holiness and value. The answer lies in understanding covenant discontinuity while recognizing the law's ongoing revelatory purpose.Christians aren't bound by Mosaic stipulations, but the entire Old Testament remains valuable for ethical wisdom when read through the lens of the New Covenant. This teaching equips believers to handle Scripture accurately, avoid both legalism and lawlessness, and apply timeless biblical principles to modern life. ★ Support this podcast ★

Dave Rich begins a critical examination of the Christian conscience in this first installment of Fire in the Hole. Drawing from both Old and New Testament texts, Rich explores the biblical foundation of conscience as a God-given human faculty that judges our actions and thoughts. Fire in the Hole examines how conscience functions differently in believers and unbelievers, examining passages in which the Old Testament uses phrases like "heart struck" and "integrity of heart" to convey what the New Testament explicitly calls conscience. Through careful analysis of Genesis, 1 Samuel, Romans, Hebrews, and 1 Corinthians, Rich demonstrates that while conscience is a grace from God to all image bearers, it remains fallible and requires illumination by Scripture and the Holy Spirit. The teaching reveals how conscience can be natural or spiritual, good or defiled, correct or incorrect, strong or weak, confident or uncertain—establishing the foundation for understanding how Christians should train their conscience according to biblical standards rather than mere personal conviction.Download Notes | Download Presentation ★ Support this podcast ★

Dave Rich examines essential elements of the believer's work in sanctification, demonstrating how Christians actively cooperate with God's transforming power. Understanding the believer's work in sanctification requires recognizing both divine sovereignty and human responsibility, as Philippians 2:12-13 reveals. This practical teaching explores six vital practices that cultivate holiness: Bible intake through reading and study, devoted prayer during temptation, meaningful fellowship with other believers, worshipful living that glorifies God, sacrificial service using spiritual gifts, and bold evangelism that proclaims the gospel. Each practice represents the believer's work in sanctification, developing Christlike character while depending on the Holy Spirit's enabling grace for lasting transformation.Download Notes | Download Presentation ★ Support this podcast ★