TRM Talks

Crypto investigations are becoming a core part of modern policing. From ransomware and darknet markets to fraud and organized crime, digital assets increasingly appear in criminal investigations.Det. Anoop “Snoop” Dattani of the Regional Organized Crime Unit at West Midlands Police joins Ari to discuss how investigators are adapting. Drawing on nearly two decades in policing and extensive cyber investigative experience, Snoop explains how crypto cases often move in two directions: reactive investigations that begin with a wallet address or victim report, and proactive investigations that start with a small intelligence lead and grow into broader criminal networks.The conversation explores why blockchain evidence can be so powerful, how crypto fits into wider criminal typologies, and why training across frontline policing is increasingly important. Snoop also highlights the importance of protecting the legitimate crypto ecosystem — and shares a bit about his own interest in the growing gaming ecosystem on Solana.A practical conversation about how law enforcement is adapting to technology — and where crypto investigations are headed next.

Privacy and transparency sit at the heart of the digital asset ecosystem. As blockchain technology continues to reshape global finance, policymakers and builders face a critical question: How can financial systems preserve privacy while still protecting against illicit activity?In this episode, Yaya Fanusie, Global Head of Policy at Aleo, join's Ari to explore the evolving intersection of privacy, national security, and blockchain innovation. Yaya brings a uniquely multidisciplinary background to the conversation. Before working in crypto policy, he spent seven years at the CIA as an economic and counterterrorism analyst, briefing senior US military leaders and White House officials on national security threats. After government service, he led research on sanctions evasion and the illicit use of digital assets at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, where his work helped surface some of the earliest cases of terrorist crypto crowdfunding.The conversation explores how those early days shaped Yaya's perspective on blockchain technology and its broader implications for the financial system.Key topics include:How early terrorist crypto fundraising campaigns revealed the transparency of blockchain networksWhy nation-states are exploring blockchain infrastructure as an alternative financial architectureThe role of privacy-preserving technologies such as zero-knowledge proofsHow stablecoins and regulatory frameworks may reshape the future of digital financeYaya also reflects on his unconventional career path—from teaching high school math to intelligence analysis to crypto policy leadership—and how creativity continues to influence his work today. As digital finance evolves, understanding the balance between privacy, security, and innovation will be essential. This episode offers a thoughtful, and freestyling look, at how that balance might take shape.

Kah Kit Yip has spent his career turning bold ideas about the future of money into working infrastructure.After nearly two decades at Malaysia’s central bank and leading breakthrough initiatives at the Bank for International Settlements, he helped pioneer new models for instant cross-border payments, programmable compliance, and faster, safer FX settlement. Now, as Head of Blockchain and Digital Assets at UOB, he’s bringing those concepts out of policy sandboxes and into production across Southeast Asia.In this conversation, Ari and Kah Kit explore how interoperable payment rails, wholesale CBDCs, and tokenized assets can move value across borders in real time — while meeting the highest standards for compliance and risk management. They discuss why legal clarity and shared standards are essential for adoption, how institutions can match the speed of digital payments with equally fast safeguards, and what it takes for regulators and industry to build global financial infrastructure together.Along the way, Kah Kit reflects on marathon running, crime novels, and the grit required to solve complex, long-horizon challenges in finance and technology.

Crypto law has matured quickly — and few people have been closer to that evolution than OG crypto lawyer Joshua Klayman. In this episode of TRM Talks, Joshua Klayman, US Head of Fintech and Head of Blockchain and Digital Assets at Linklaters, joins Ari for a wide-ranging conversation on how legal frameworks around digital assets, tokenization, and blockchain-based finance are taking shape in real time. With nearly two decades of legal experience — and more than a decade working in crypto — Josh walks through how early blockchain work was shaped by skepticism around smart contracts, why the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) has become foundational to tokenized finance, and how lawyers and regulators continue to wrestle with the question of when a token is, or is not, a security under US law. They also dig into how global banks and startups alike are navigating stablecoin regulation, including emerging frameworks like GENIUS, and what it means to advise clients in an environment where precedent is still being built. From regulatory risk to tokenized treasuries, this episode is a clear, grounded look at where crypto law stands today — and where it’s heading — from one of the lawyers helping define it.

2025 was the year of stablecoins — and there’s no better person to look back (and ahead) with than Dante Disparte of Circle. In this Flash TRM Talks, Ari and Dante reflect on Circle’s big year, the passage of the GENIUS Act, shifting US market structure, and accelerating global regulatory alignment. They also share predictions for 2026 — including why privacy and global coordination will define crypto’s next chapter — and have a great time doing it.

What do Al Capone, the Bitfinex hack, and the largest child-exploitation takedown in history have in common? IRS Criminal Investigation (IRS-CI) played a defining role in all of them.In the latest episode of TRM Talks, Ari sits down with Chief Guy Ficco — the head of IRS-CI — for a wide-ranging conversation on how one of the smallest federal law-enforcement agencies has become one of the most powerful forces in financial-crime enforcement. Chief Ficco reflects on his 30-year career, from his early days as a field agent in New York to leading global investigations that follow money across borders, blockchains, and criminal ecosystems.The discussion covers IRS-CI’s involvement in major cases, including the Welcome to Video takedown and the largest crypto seizure in US history. Chief Ficco also details the agency’s growing leadership in cryptocurrency investigations, seizure and forfeiture strategy, and public-private partnerships like CI-FIRST and Beacon. He shares candid insights on the risks and opportunities of AI, the evolving threat landscape, and the principles that guide his approach to leadership and modernization.A must-listen episode for anyone interested in the future of financial-crime enforcement — and how IRS-CI is staying ahead of increasingly sophisticated illicit actors.

Detective David Coffey has spent more than 25 years with the Toronto Police Service, tackling everything from violent street crime to complex financial fraud. In this episode, he joins Ari, to unpack the evolving nature of fraud in Canada — and how crypto is changing the game.Now assigned to the Financial Crimes Unit, Det. Coffey reflects on his journey from divisional beat cop to leading major fraud investigations. From account takeovers to human trafficking links, he shares firsthand how organized crime has adapted its playbook — and why cryptocurrency is increasingly the payment method of choice.But more than tracing funds, Det. Coffey's mission is about public education. With scams like pig butchering and sextortion on the rise, he makes a compelling case that fraud prevention must start with awareness. Det. Coffey and Ari cover:How Canada is responding to cross-border crypto crimeWhat the Toronto Fraud Intake Office is revealing about scam trendsThe critical role of exchanges in asset recoveryWhy better data and collaboration are essential to solving financial crimesDet. Coffey's message is clear: Crypto can be traced, but we need stronger tools, smarter partnerships, and an informed public to truly turn the tide.

Over the last decade we have seen a shift from experimentation to implementation in digital finance and few people have been closer to that evolution than Wee Kee Toh, Executive Director and Global Head of Business Architecture for Kinexys Digital Payments at JP Morgan.Wee Kee joins Ari to explore the arc of institutional crypto adoption — from his early work at the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) and the BIS Innovation Hub to building JP Morgan’s live blockchain-based payment infrastructure. He shares insights from developing digital payments platforms, and reflects on how early regulatory experimentation laid the groundwork for live digital finance at scale.Topics covered include:Why interoperability and programmability are the future of digital paymentsThe long-term vision behind JP Morgan's KinexysHow the global regulatory landscape is reacting to stablecoin legislation like the GENIUS ActWhat the future holds for stablecoins, tokenization and on-chain commerce.With a unique perspective as both a former regulator and current builder, Wee Kee shares a candid, optimistic take on how the digital asset ecosystem is evolving — and why institutional momentum matters more than ever.

How did a Wall Street-bound grad become a pioneer in counterterrorism and threat intelligence? In this episode, Josh Lefkowitz, CEO of Flashpoint, joins Ari to unpack that journey — and share critical insights from the frontlines of global threat monitoring.Josh shares how 9/11 transformed his career trajectory and catalyzed his entry into the national security world. Fast forward to today, Flashpoint supports over 800 global clients with intelligence spanning jihadist networks, cybercrime, and geopolitical threats.From the rise of AI-enabled fraud to North Korea’s massive infiltration of the Fortune 500 via remote IT workers, Josh details the most urgent risks facing both public and private sectors. He explains how adversaries are blending AI, stolen data, and social engineering in increasingly sophisticated attacks—and why we’re only in the early innings.You’ll also hear about:The staggering rise of infostealer malware and its role in ransomwareHow Flashpoint blends scalable tech with human analysts to stay aheadWhy collaboration is now essential: one team, one fightThe game-changing Flashpoint–TRM integration that unites on- and off-chain intelligenceAs adversaries evolve, so must our defenses. This is a masterclass in intelligence, innovation, and what it takes to build security in real time.

Can a crypto-native company become a fully licensed bank? Joey Garcia not only believes it, he has done it.In this episode, Bitcoin pioneer and Xapo Bank’s Executive Director Joey Garcia joins Ari, to share the story of building a crypto-native bank. From advising government in the early days of Bitcoin in Gibraltar to leading Xapo’s transformation into a regulated financial institution, Joey offers a blueprint for blending digital asset innovation within the rigor of traditional banking regulation.They explore how Gibraltar’s principles-based approach became a model long before MiCA or US market structure bills, why FATF standards are just one piece of the compliance puzzle, and how Xapo integrates Bitcoin-native infrastructure with full bank licensing.Joey also draws lessons from swimming 36 kilometers across open water with his teenage daughter — explaining that whether you are charting a new course for finance or crossing a choppy sea, success comes from preparation, persistence, agility, and the willingness to take bold risks.

This week on TRM Talks, Ari Redbord, Global Head of Policy, TRM Labs, sits down with Nikhil Raghuveera, CEO of Predicate, to talk about the future of compliance in decentralized finance — and why the next wave of policy innovation will be built directly into code.As DeFi matures and regulators sharpen their focus, projects are facing a new challenge: how to meet real-world policy and legal expectations without compromising decentralization. That conversation usually starts with the question — how do you regulate a world without intermediaries? The answer, as Ari and Nikhil explore, is technology.Through its recent partnership with TRM Labs, Predicate enables developers to enforce AML and sanctions safeguards in real time — at the smart contract level — using TRM’s risk scoring and attribution. The goal isn’t to rebuild the traditional financial system on-chain. It’s to build new rails with market integrity, user privacy, and global risk in mind from day one.In this episode, Ari and Nikhil unpack:• Why “policy infrastructure” is critical to supporting both builders and regulators• How TRM and Predicate are powering programmable compliance for stablecoins, privacy protocols, and tokenized assets• What a decentralized transaction prerequisite system actually looks like in practice• The role of zero-knowledge proofs and verifiable risk tooling in preserving user privacy• And how ethical infrastructure can help unlock responsible DeFi growth at scaleThis isn’t just a conversation about compliance — it’s a blueprint for building trust into decentralized systems.

What does effective crypto regulation look like in practice? Ryosuke Ushida, Chief FinTech Officer, Financial Services Agency of Japan (JFSA) joins Ari Redbord, Global Head of Policy at TRM Lab to discuss how Japan became a global leader in regulating digital assets — and what the rest of the world can learn.From the collapse of Mt. Gox to the containment of FTX's fallout, Japan's regulatory evolution offers key lessons in striking the balance between innovation and investor protection. Ryosuke shares how his journey from engineer to international policymaker shaped his pragmatic approach to crypto, DeFi, stablecoins, and AI.In this wide-ranging episode you will hear about:Why Japan's crypto users recovered funds faster post-FTXJapan’s leadership at the FATFRegulating stablecoins, virtual asset markets and mitigating and cyber threatsHow AI can transform financial regulationWhether you’re a policymaker, VASP, or crypto builder, this conversation reveals the frameworks and foresight guiding one of the world’s most mature digital asset regulators.