The Building Science Podcast

In this episode, Kristof sits down with sustainability expert Josh Jacobs to demystify the ins and outs of Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs), Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs), Product Category Rules (PCRs) and ISO Standards that are causing a decarbonization to happen around the world. Translating the complex data of an LCA into a standardized format, EPDs function as 'nutrition labels' for building materials, helping designers and specifiers count the 'carbon calories' of everything from steel girders to heat pumps. Josh and Kristof explore the critical shift from focusing exclusively upon operational carbon to including embodied carbon in the carbon reduction conversation, break down the cradle-to-grave phases of building materials, and offer actionable insights on using better data to make truly sustainable design decisions.Apologies that Kristof’s mic was clipping. Josh JacobsJosh has helped numerous AHJs develop and implement sustainable purchasing policies and requirements, including but not limited to: the US General Service Administration, the US Military through the UFGS, the State of California, the city of New York, the Building Construction Authority of Singapore, and numerous universities and private businesses. Josh has also helped develop influential materials, human health, product emissions, and indoor air quality criteria in numerous global codes and rating systems, including but not limited to LEED v4 and v4.1, Fitwel, Green Globes, CALGreen, IgCC, ASHRAE 189.1, and BREEAM. He also works with organizations investor relations and sustainability teams to understand ESG financial reporting tools such as SASB, GRI, and TCF along with looking at their carbon footprint.Links from the EpisodeOrganizations Mentioned:MEP2040: An organization and steering committee focused on decarbonizing mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems.WAP Sustainability Consulting: A large life cycle assessment organization that helps manufacturers create EPDs.SLR: A global environmental and advisory firm that owns WAP.USGBC: The U.S. Green Building Council, associated with the LEED rating system.ASHRAE: The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.ISO: The International Organization for Standardization.NSF: An organization with an EPD program (distinct from the National Science Foundation - originally focused on water certification).UL: Underwriters Laboratories, an early EPD program operator in North America.ICC-ES: The International Code Council Evaluation Service, an EPD program operator.ASTM: An organization that features an EPD program.ANSI: The American National Standards Institute.CIBSE: The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers based in the UK.NAHB: The National Association of Home Builders.Standards and Financial ToolsISO 14040 / ISO 14044: International standards that provide the framework and guidelines for conducting LCAs.ISO 14025: The standard that governs how program operators run EPD programs and dictates what should be included in an EPD.ISO 21930: The overarching Product Category Rule (PCR) for building materials typically used in the Americas.EN 15804: The European equivalent to ISO 21930.ISO 20400: The standard for Sustainable Procurement.ASHRAE 189.1: A standard for the design of high-performance green buildings.IgCC: The International Green Construction Code.CIBSE TM65 / North American CIBSE/ASHRAE TM65: A standard that approximates an LCA to provide directionally accurate information when a full EPD is not available.SASB, GRI, TCFD: Sustainable financial reporting tools used by organizations and investor relations teams.TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

Why do we design indoor spaces the way we do? What are the unseen socio-cultural impacts involved and how do they impact other aspects of the indoor environment that we can not see? Today, we're unpacking the idea that our indoor environments are not just passive shelters - they are complex, multifaceted situations with competing goals and perspectives. As our guest, Dr. Liz McCormick shares, our relationship with indoor space is a rich, interdependent web of circumstances that stretches well beyond the boundaries of any single discipline. We'll be bringing together insights from architecture, anthropology, and ecology to explore the substantial footprint of our built environments—physically, on a scale equivalent to global grasslands and tropical forests; psychologically, as we experience thermal blandness and a disconnect from nature; and ecologically, as we grapple with a misplaced sense of separation from the "dirt" and the world outside our carefully conditioned spaces. This conversation will challenge us to rethink outdated ideas and address why the air we live in—this "material" we are in constant contact with—matters so much for our health. We'll be looking at a comprehensive model for indoor air quality, considering the crucial interactions between pollutants, their pathways, and our exposure. Buckle up for another thoughtful adventure on the Building Science Podcast!Links from the Episode:Buildings don’t use energy: people doEntomological HappeningsThe Architecture of Vector ControlLiz McCormickMcCormick is a licensed architect, educator, and researcher whose work explores healthy, climatically sensitive, and contextually appropriate building design strategies that connect occupants to the outdoors while also reducing the dependence on mechanical conditioning technologies. Her recent book, Inside OUT: Human Health & the Air-Conditioning Era (Routledge), tells the rich story of both the social and technological drivers of the conditioned indoors while making an argument for thoughtful interventions in the built environment. It brings together a multi-disciplinary group of experts of the indoors, including scientists, anthropologists, engineers, and architects, to discuss the future of human habitation with a dominant focus on human health in a post-pandemic world. Liz is also the lead-PI for the NSF-supported research study abroad program to Tanzania (through 2026).Liz is a WELL and LEED Accredited Professional and a Certified Passive House Consultant. With over 10 years of experience as a practicing architect, she has worked on a variety of project scales from single-family passive houses to LEED-certified commercial office buildings and campuses. She received a PhD in Design from North Carolina State University, Master of Science in Building Technology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as well as bachelor’s degrees in architecture and fine arts from the Rhode Island School of Design. Liz was the recipient of the 2021 AIAS/ACSA New Faculty Teaching Award, which “honors architectural educators for exemplary work in areas such as building design, community collaborations, scholarship, and service,” the announcement reads. Liz is also an active member of numerous professional and academic organizations, including the American Institute of Architects (AIA), AIA Charlotte Committee on the Environment (COTE), National Passive House Alliance (PHAUS), the Society of Building Science Educators (SBSE). Additionally, she is an invited board member of the Softwood Lumber Board (SLB) and the president-elect for the Building Technology Educators Society (BTES)TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

How do we expand the positive impacts of our buildings? Now is the time. The building sector is looking at a once-in-a-generation opportunity to flip from being a major contributor to both chronic disease and climate disruption to becoming one of the primary solutions. The key is provide training and perspective to the professionals involved. Why is it that so few architects base design decisions on the known health impacts of buildings at both the personal and community levels? Similarly, why is it that the role of buildings as determinants of health and disease in society is so frequently overlooked by epidemiologists and other public health professionals? In this interview Adele Houghton (FAIA, DrPH, LEED AP) explains how architects, developers, real estate teams and community groups can use their role power and agency to improve outcomes at many levels and scales, for the benefit of all involved. While no single building can entirely transform a neighborhood's character or its susceptibility to environmental factors, thoughtful design can enhance the health and well-being of residents and businesses, reducing financial risk and contributing to local policy goals.Adele HoughtonAdele Houghton, FAIA, DrPH, LEED AP, works at the intersection of buildings, public health, and climate change. She is a member of the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows and received a Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) degree from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, where she also teaches. Her book, Architectural Epidemiology (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2024), co-authored with Professor Carlos Castillo-Salgado of Johns Hopkins University, proposes a novel method for architectural design: combining neighborhood-scale environmental health data with participatory community engagement to maximize a building's positive ripple effect on community and planetary health.TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

Risk is real in the AEC. True risk management isn't about avoidance, but about informed engagement. Homes and buildings today measure success in many ways, each of these represent a potential failure mode. Managing risk means recognizing and embracing it, this is a core message from our guest today. Joe Basham is a seasoned construction industry attorney with decades of experience, a keen mind, clever wit and the ability to cut to the heart of the matter.Join Kristof and Joe as they delve into the critical role of risk management in the design and construction process and unpack real world ways to navigate challenges with demanding clients, the importance of clear contracts, the power of proactive project management. The discussion also focuses on the impact of new project delivery methods, the rising costs of professional liability insurance and evolving liability concerns in the larger context. Discover how architects are adapting by focusing on design leadership, leveraging consultants, clear contract language and the importance of having open and respectful relationships with all stakeholders. We explore the arriving potential of AI to revolutionize the design profession, offering increased efficiency and informed decision-making - recognizing that this is also a deep change and one that comes with implicit risks and rewards. One final thought is that the ultimate de-risking move is to design thoughtfully, build carefully and maintain open communication and realistic expectations at all times!Joe BashamJoe Basham is Allensworth’s Co-Managing Partner. In addition to being responsible for the vision of our firm, he has twenty years’ experience in guiding construction industry clients in the preparation, negotiation, and revision of the contracts that govern their work. Contracts are the foundation of any project, and Joe’s job is to make sure that foundation is solid. From there, Joe counsels clients in the full range of project-related legal issues, strategies, obligations, and risks that arise from preconstruction to closeout.As a seasoned construction contract attorney, Joe is well versed inthe industry-standard contracts, including AIA, EJCDC, ConsensusDocs and DBIA templates, which he customizes for each specific project. He drafts and negotiates contracts with an emphasis on market-based risk management and practical solutions—all in furtherance of getting the deal closed. Because he represents a broad range of clients, from owners and developers to contractors and design professionals, he understands construction and design contract issues from all angles and is particularly skilled at getting projects underway by getting parties to “yes.”TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

Understanding climate action through the words we useKeep an ear out for an easter egg after the outro on this one.The words we use matter. Terms like "sustainability”, “net zero” and “resilience” signify our industry's evolving priorities and concerns. These “buzzwords” reflect current cultural circumstances within the AEC industry and larger society while also actively shaping how we approach and address these issues. In this episode will be exploring the meanings and relationships between many of the current buzzwords that are alive in the AEC today. If you’ve ever wanted to deepen your understanding of words and terms like “sustainability”, “net zero”, “embodied carbon”, “circular economy”, “resilience” or “adaptation” you’ll appreciate this interview w/ Kjell Anderson of LMN Architecture in Seattle.Yes, buzzwords come and go. We routinely air quote them somewhat irreverently. But do not be fooled - buzzwords are also important. Far from being superficial, these trends in language mark the emergence, acceptance, and eventual integration of new, often significant, ideas. When a word gains prominence, it often signals a collective reckoning with the issue it represents. Conversely, when it fades, it may indicate that the idea has either been absorbed into the mainstream, superseded by more urgent concerns, or—sometimes quite worryingly—been deprioritized.Dictionary definition of “Buzzword”:  (pejorative) A word drawn from or imitative of technical jargon, and often rendered meaningless and fashionable through abuse by non-technical persons in a seeming show of familiarity with the subject.Kjell AndersonKjell is LMN’s Director of Sustainable Design and leader of LMN’s Green Team, spearheading initiatives into energy modeling, materials + health, and water use reductions. With 24 years of experience, Kjell is well-regarded at local and national levels as a sustainability expert. He is a founding part of Seattle’s 2030 Roundtable, an inaugural member of AIA’s National Energy Leadership Group, and in other roles in setting practical and innovative directions for the profession. Kjell has contributed to the design of dozens of LEED New Construction projects, plus Pilot projects under USGBC’s Neighborhood Development and Commercial Interiors programs, including several Gold and Platinum-certified projects. He is the author of Design Energy Simulation for Architects, published by Routledge in 2014, and has guest taught Arch 533 (Advanced Environmental Systems) at the University of Washington. Kjell earned a Bachelor of Science in Architecture from Washington State University.Some of Kjell’s representative projects include the Hyatt Regency Seattle, Seattle Aquarium Ocean Pavilion, and the Eastside Tech Tenant East Campus Modernization and RedWest South project.TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

The tension between aesthetics and performance in architecture is a critical and complex issue in contemporary design. Architects are increasingly and appropriately being tasked with designing buildings that are not only beautiful but also functional in terms of impacts on owners, occupants, resources, and planetary ecosystems. The contrasting view, one where architecture is principally form-making comes at its peril. As Juhani Pallasmaa cautions, following this path  “The world becomes a hedonistic but meaningless visual journey”Navigating the path between form and function is central to the role of architecture in our society. It is also the backdrop to the daily routine for our guest in this episode. Keith Simon FAIA is both an architect and an enclosure consultant, two roles that move him from one vantage point to the other continually.As Keith says in this interview Architects could be leading many of the changes society needs now but are not. I think we should all look introspectively and ask “Am I prioritizing the right things?”. This episode is both a tribute to the importance of architecture and an appeal to prioritize the lived experience of homes and buildings over the hedonic sculpture on the cover of the glossy magazine. The themes touched on here will ripple out through the AEC for the rest of our careers. It’s both important and captivating to reflect on them now. Enjoy!Keith SimonAn expert in building enclosure technology, Keith Simon addresses the critical and often unmet need for ensuring and improving building performance, resilience, and durability by guiding design teams, educating future architects, and facilitating interdisciplinary exchange. Keith is the Vice President of Design Phase Services at Salas O'Brien. He is a Certified Passive House Consultant (CPHC), Legacy LEED AP, Building Enclosure Commissioning Provider (BECxP), and Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) with over 20 years’ experience in architectural design and building enclosure consultation. His experience includes peer review, design assistance, durability analysis, construction administration, testing, and forensics of building envelope issues. Keith was the founder of the AIA Austin Building Enclosure Council (BEC: Austin) and currently serves as chair for BEC: Austin and board member for the Passive House Institute US (PHIUS) Alliance Austin Chapter. He also serves as the Vice Chair for the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) Building Enclosure Technology and Environment Council (BETEC) executive committee. Keith has been adjunct faculty at the University of Texas School of Architecture since 2011 teaching Environmental Controls, Building Science, Detailing, and Design Studio.TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

What is the future of dehumidification? Turns out this simple question opens up an exciting view of the future of IAQ generally. The goal of a low energy method for removing water molecules from a flowing airstream boils down to some way of identifying, grabbing and holding onto them. Essentially we are talking about a designer desiccant or molecular filter that lets the air pass through while it filters out water molecules. If we can do this, the next logical question is “Why stop there?” Why not identify a broad range of pollutants and contaminants in the airstream and also select and remove them as well? Enter molecularly sensitive filtration based on Metal Oxide Framework (MOF) technology. MOFs are a type of advanced material that scientists are developing to tackle a wide range of challenges, from clean energy, to environmental protection via direct air carbon capture (DACC), to health and drug delivery.. While the name may sound complex, the basic idea behind MOFs is relatively simple—they are materials made by combining metal ions (like zinc, iron, or copper) with organic molecules to create a kind of 3D structure that is highly porous, meaning it has lots of tiny holes or cavities - and they operate as a molecular sieve or filter. Join Kristof as he interviews Todd DeMonte of Madison IAQ to unpack the future of dehumidification and learn about desiccants, and the potential for metal oxide frameworks. Along the way we learn whether the “good old” compressor-based dehumidifier is likely to remain the preferred and appropriate approach for many years to come. This is an episode that will bring you up to date at this important edge of the industry. Enjoy!Important Links!Article on MOFs:https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.7b04132SMECO Document discussing 3Å wheels:https://www.semcohvac.com/hubfs/Importance_of_3A_Molecular_Sieve.pdf?hsLang=enLithium Chloride Examples:https://www.alfalaval.us/products/heat-transfer/dehumidification/liquid-desiccant-dehumidification/https://temaprocess.com/products/dehumidifier/https://www.ventilex.com/working-principle-drygenic-air-dehumidification/Todd DemonteTodd DeMonte is the Chief Innovation Officer of Madison Indoor Air Quality (MIAQ), a Madison Industries business vertical that holds the following companies: Nortek, Broan-NuTone, StatePoint, NGH, Big Ass Fans, UV-Resources, Therma-Stor, DAS, Addison, Specified Air, Air Xchange, Novel Aire, United Cool Air, Conviron, Argus Controls, and Steril-Aire. As Chief Innovation Officer, Todd identifies and leads the development of innovative new product concepts, markets, and solutions across all MIAQ companies, increasing vitality and driving long-term value creation.Prior, Todd was President and General Manager of Therma-Stor from 2004-2019, where he and his team grew the company’s revenue over 600% ($100M+) and created over $250M in enterprise value through innovation in products and markets.Before joining Therma-Stor, Todd was a business owner and worked as a manager and technician in the automotive business for more than 10 years. During that time, he won awards from Mercedes-Benz, Land Rover and for being among the top 15 and top 10 (respectively) technicians in the United States.Todd earned a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Cornell University and an M.B.A. from Tulane University. He has been awarded 28 U.S. patents with several more pending.TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker

Empowering the practice of architecture to achieve consistent, predictable, positive impacts on human well-being and planetary health is perhaps one of the most pressing topics in the AEC today. Starting with a review of the history of the search for Bioclimatic Law, this conversation with Dr Bill Braham, FAIA is an invitation to architects to reclaim their power. Bioclimatic Law is the relationship between architecture and life. In practice “life” is more narrowly defined by architecture as “comfort” or “comfort, health and well-being”. At its core bioclimatic design asks “What are the climate opportunities?”. The basic principle is to start with a clear understanding of the ambient climate and map those inputs to the design of the building - its massing, orientation, enclosure systems, and window sizes, locations, and shading devices. Beyond these truly passive methods, there are always active systems involved in maintaining a balance between heat flowing into the building and heat sources within the building.Our buildings mediate between the external climate and our lives. From a thermal perspective, actively managing the enclosure can lead to comfortable indoor conditions 60-80% of the time in most climates. From a well being perspective, as the external climate becomes more unpredictable and severe we have an opportunity to improve the quality of the lived experience of the buildings we deliver to ourselves to protect and shelter us. Join Kristof as he and Bill enjoy a thoughtful, wide-ranging discussion about the role of architecture in society and the role of buildings as extensions of our lives and goals. Big picture, we also want to thank you for being listeners who, in our increasingly soundbite world, appreciate the depth, breadth and subtlety of conversations like this. We’re happy that you’re noticing and valuing that we “go there” in these idea exchanges. Please keep your emails and comments coming.Bill BrahamWilliam Braham, PhD, FAIA is a Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania, where he previously served as Department Chair and Chair of the Faculty Senate, and is currently Director of the Master of Environmental Building Design and of the Center for Environmental Building + Design. He has worked on energy and architecture for over 35 years as a designer, consultant, researcher, and author of numerous articles and books. His most recent projects include energy and carbon plans for Nakashima Woodworkers and Chautauqua Institution and building performance modelling for Daikin Open Innovation Lab, Silicon Valley.His books include:Architecture and Systems Ecology: Thermodynamic Principles for Environmental Building Design (Routledge, 2016)TeamHosted by Kristof IrwinEdited by Nico MignardiProduced by M. Walker