Tick Boot Camp

In this powerful episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, Matt Sabatello and Rich Johannesen sit down with Marina Morgan, a professional singer, songwriter, real estate agent, and Lyme disease survivor from New York and New Jersey. Marina shares the deeply personal story of how a vibrant, high-energy young woman who loved running, fitness, and music suddenly found her life turned upside down by Lyme disease in her early twenties. What began as stomach issues quickly progressed into neurological symptoms, extreme fatigue, balance problems, and ultimately sudden vision loss in one eye — a terrifying turning point that led to her eventual diagnosis. After seeing multiple doctors and facing potential misdiagnoses such as multiple sclerosis and scleroderma, Marina was finally diagnosed with Lyme disease through a Western Blot test by Dr. Pollack. Her treatment included 18 months of IV antibiotics through a PICC line, followed by another year of treatment after a later flare-up. Today, Marina continues to navigate chronic Lyme symptoms while building a career in music, real estate, and fitness, demonstrating resilience, perseverance, and determination even on difficult days. Her story is a powerful reminder that Lyme disease can affect anyone — even young, healthy, active people — and that persistence, positivity, and support are essential in the healing journey. About Marina Morgan Marina Morgan is a professional singer and songwriter who has appeared on the Today Show, was named Elvis Duran’s Artist of the Month, and has been featured on iHeartRadio and in multiple publications as an emerging artist. In addition to her music career, Marina works as a real estate agent serving New York and New Jersey and as a gym manager, continuing to stay connected to the world of fitness despite the physical challenges created by Lyme disease. Marina has also used her music to express the realities of chronic illness. Her song “Paralyzed” captures the emotional and physical struggle many Lyme patients face when their bodies no longer cooperate with the life they once lived. Watch Marina’s Lyme-inspired music video “Paralyzed" Follow Marina on Instagram Key Topics Discussed in This Episode Life Before Lyme Disease Before getting sick, Marina lived an extremely active lifestyle. She ran miles every day simply for enjoyment, maintained multiple jobs, and had a vibrant social life. Fitness and movement were central to her identity, and she describes having seemingly endless energy. Lyme disease dramatically altered that reality. Early Symptoms and Sudden Vision Loss Marina’s illness began subtly with stomach issues and fatigue, but symptoms soon escalated. She began experiencing: Severe fatigue Weakness in her legs Balance and coordination issues Neurological symptoms Brain fog Loss of vision in one eye The sudden vision loss was the turning point that signaled something much more serious was happening. Misdiagnosis and the Search for Answers Before receiving a Lyme diagnosis, doctors suspected conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and scleroderma. Marina visited several doctors and specialists before finally receiving the correct diagnosis. Her father, who had previously experienced Lyme disease himself, recognized the possibility and helped advocate for Lyme testing. She was ultimately diagnosed at age 23 through a Western Blot blood test by Dr. Pollack. Intensive Lyme Treatment Following her diagnosis, Marina underwent 18 months of intravenous antibiotic treatment through a PICC line, one of the more aggressive approaches used for severe Lyme disease. Years later, after experiencing a flare-up, she required another year of treatment. Today she is not undergoing active Lyme treatment but continues supportive wellness practices including: Infrared sauna Yoga Probiotics Living with Chronic Lyme Marina estimates she has recovered to about 60% of her pre-Lyme health. The most persistent symptom she continues to battle is extreme fatigue, which can make even simple daily activities exhausting. She describes the unpredictability of chronic Lyme — how a good day can be followed by days or weeks of exhaustion. Despite these challenges, Marina continues to work, maintain relationships, and pursue her passions. Music as a Voice for Lyme Patients Marina has channeled her experience with chronic illness into her music. Her song “Paralyzed” captures the emotional reality of Lyme disease — the feeling of being trapped in a body that no longer functions the way it once did. The song resonates deeply with Lyme patients and others living with invisible illness. Watch the video here Advice for People Fighting Lyme Disease Marina encourages patients not to give up during the darkest moments of illness. Lyme disease can be physically and emotionally overwhelming, but maintaining hope and continuing to pursue healing strategies can make a meaningful difference. She stresses the importance of: Listening to your body Giving yourself grace Staying mentally resilient Continuing to search for solutions Key Takeaways Lyme disease can affect young, healthy, highly active people Neurological symptoms like vision loss can occur with Lyme disease Misdiagnosis is common in complex Lyme cases Long-term IV antibiotic treatment is sometimes required Chronic symptoms can persist even after treatment Mental resilience plays a major role in managing chronic illness

In this powerful in-person interview at the Tick Boot Camp studio, Matt Sabatello sits down with Dr. Somer DelSignore, DNP, a board-certified pediatric practitioner specializing in Lyme disease, tick-borne co-infections, PANS/PANDAS, autoimmune and neuroimmune disorders, autism-like regression, and congenital tick-borne illness. This episode is essential listening for parents who have been told to “wait and see,” families who have seen multiple specialists without answers, and anyone trying to understand how infection, inflammation, immune dysfunction, and nervous system imbalance can impact a child’s brain and development. 🎙 About Dr. Somer DelSignore Dr. DelSignore began her career in traditional pediatric medicine before recognizing that many children with complex chronic illness could not be properly treated in 10–15 minute appointments. Her clinical evolution accelerated after: Training with Dr. Richard Horowitz (tick-borne disease complexity and layered treatment strategies) Training with Dr. Kenneth Bock (autism and autoimmune encephalopathy patterns) Identifying the infectious and immune triggers driving neuropsychiatric symptoms Today, she runs a private practice in upstate New York where she treats children (and a small cohort of adults) using a comprehensive, root-cause framework. 🧠 Autism, Lyme & Autoimmunity — Connecting the Dots Dr. DelSignore explains that autism is often a cluster of symptoms, not a single-gene condition. In her clinical experience, many children experience immune-triggered neuroinflammation that presents as: OCD Anxiety Rage Intrusive thoughts Impulsivity Hallucinations Developmental regression Lyme and co-infections such as Bartonella and Babesia can activate autoimmune responses that interfere with neurotransmitter signaling. When inflammation blocks receptors for dopamine and serotonin, psychiatric symptoms emerge. Her message is clear:These symptoms are often biomedical — not simply behavioral. 🦠 Why “Root Cause” Is Rarely One Thing Healing rarely comes down to one pathogen. Children may present with overlapping contributors such as: Lyme disease and co-infections Mold and mycotoxins Heavy metals Epigenetic pathway dysfunction Detox impairment Nervous system dysregulation Dr. DelSignore emphasizes layered pattern recognition and systematic evaluation rather than single-diagnosis thinking. 🧬 Treatment Approach: Layered, Sequenced & Individualized There is no cookie-cutter protocol. Her framework may include: Targeted antibiotic combinations Herbal antimicrobials Biofilm and fibrin support Gut protection from day one Detox support (liver, kidney, lymphatic) Ozone therapy SOT (gene-silencing therapy) IVIG for autoimmune modulation (when appropriate) Plasmapheresis referral Regenerative PRP strategies Sequencing matters. Some children require detox and nervous system stabilization before antimicrobial treatment begins. 🧱 Biofilms & Tissue Infection Dr. DelSignore confirms: Biofilms are real and clinically significant Microbes communicate and protect one another Chronic infections often reside in tissue, not just blood Killing pathogens without detox support can worsen flares Her philosophy:Eliminate pathogens while simultaneously rebuilding the body. 🌿 Detox, Regeneration & the Nervous System Pathogen elimination is only part of recovery. Healing also requires: Supporting liver and kidney detox pathways Encouraging lymphatic flow Gentle sauna when tolerated Epsom salt baths Breathwork and box breathing Vagus nerve stimulation Nervous system retraining Many children are stuck in chronic sympathetic (“fight-or-flight”) mode. True recovery requires shifting into parasympathetic “rest and repair.” ❤️ A Story of Hope Dr. DelSignore shares the case of a child born with congenital tick-borne infections who: Was non-verbal Required feeding tube support Was diagnosed with autism After comprehensive treatment and immune regulation, the child: Became verbal Engaged socially Reached developmental milestones Thrives in school It’s a reminder that recovery is possible—even in severe presentations. 🏥 The Care Coordination Challenge Families often see 10–15 specialists before reaching her office. Dr. DelSignore stresses the importance of: A “medical home” One lead clinician acting as quarterback Coordinated communication among providers She also discusses the urgent need for legislative and insurance reform to support time-intensive chronic illness care. 🌎 Looking Forward Dr. DelSignore hopes for: Increased research funding Broader recognition of infection-driven neuroinflammation Earlier pediatric intervention A shift toward prevention and health-promotion medicine Her belief: When properly supported, the body can heal. 🔑 Key Takeaways Trust parental intuition Neuropsychiatric symptoms may be immune-driven Detox and gut health are foundational Nervous system regulation is critical Healing is possible—even in complex cases

GLP-1 Agonists, MCAS, Lyme Disease, and the Future of Precision Medicine In this powerful Tick Boot Camp Podcast interview, Matt Sabatello sits down with Dr. Tania Dempsey, MD, a board-certified internal medicine physician and internationally recognized expert in Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS), Lyme disease, autoimmune conditions, and complex chronic illness. In this comprehensive conversation, Dr. Dempsey delivers one of the most forward-thinking and in-depth discussions ever featured on the podcast — connecting the dots between persistent symptoms after Lyme, immune dysregulation, biofilms, nervous system dysfunction, and groundbreaking research on GLP-1 receptor agonists as mast-cell stabilizers. This episode offers science, clinical insight, and — most importantly — hope for patients who have tried everything and are still struggling. Lyme Disease, MCAS, and Why Patients Stay Sick Why Treating Lyme Alone Is Often Not Enough Dr. Dempsey explains why many patients continue to experience inflammation, pain, neurological symptoms, and relapses even after treating Lyme disease and co-infections. According to her clinical experience, this is most often due to primary Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, not persistent infection alone. Key insight: > Lyme disease frequently acts as the trigger, but MCAS is often the driver of ongoing symptoms. Dr. Dempsey clarifies the critical difference between: Primary MCAS (pre-existing immune dysfunction worsened by infections) Secondary MCAS (rare; resolves completely once infection is treated) She notes that in decades of clinical practice, she has never seen true secondary MCAS fully resolve without ongoing mast-cell management. SOT Therapy: When, Why, and How It Works Best Dr. Dempsey provides a nuanced and experience-based explanation of Supportive Oligonucleotide Technique (SOT) for Lyme and co-infections. She addresses common criticism: One-time SOT treatments are rarely sufficient Chronic Lyme often involves multiple strains of Borrelia , Babesia , and Bartonella Her most successful cases involve: Repeated testing Sequential SOT treatments targeting specific strains Immune system support between rounds Adjunctive therapies such as herbs, antiparasitics, and mast-cell stabilization She shares a remarkable case of a young woman with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms who — after years of persistent SOT treatment combined with MCAS management — is now thriving, off psychiatric medications, and successfully completing college. Biofilms: Why They Matter in Chronic Infection Dr. Dempsey firmly states that biofilms are a critical barrier to recovery in chronically ill patients. Key points: Biofilms exist in the gut, sinuses, blood, and tissues They protect microbes from antibiotics, herbs, and immune attack Resistant biofilms may involve extracellular DNA (Z-DNA), discussed at ILADS Therapies discussed: Enzymes such as lumbrokinase and nattokinase Ozone therapy Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) for severe cases Her message is clear: if you cannot reach microbial reservoirs hidden in biofilms, infections cannot be fully controlled. GLP-1 Agonists, Immune Modulation, and Breakthrough MCAS Research GLP-1 Receptor Agonists as Mast-Cell Stabilizers Dr. Dempsey presents groundbreaking findings from her published case series: “The Utility of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Mast Cell Activation Syndrome” Key details: 47-patient case series Micro-dosing of GLP-1 agonists Primary medications used: tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) and semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy) Unlike weight-loss protocols, Dr. Dempsey uses very low doses to target immune modulation — not appetite suppression. What GLP-1 Therapy Improved in MCAS & Lyme Patients Reported improvements included: Cognitive clarity and brain fog Chronic pain Neuropsychiatric symptoms Anxiety and depression Gastrointestinal symptoms Systemic inflammation Hormonal dysregulation In some cases, patients experienced improvement within one or two doses. Dr. Dempsey explains that mast cells express GLP-1 receptors, and activation sends a signal of safety, reducing inflammatory mediator release. Unexpected Findings: Muscle Mass and Antibody Reduction Contrary to common concerns, Dr. Dempsey observed: Preserved or increased muscle mass in the majority of patients Improved mitochondrial function and exercise tolerance Reduction in chronic antibody production (including Lyme Western Blot bands) She shares a striking case where a patient with long-standing positive Lyme antibodies saw antibody levels decline for the first time in over a decade after GLP-1 therapy — despite infection already being treated. This supports her hypothesis: > MCAS can drive persistent immune activation even when infection is no longer present. Side Effects, Screening & Who Should Not Use GLP-1s Potential side effects (usually mild): Nausea Delayed gastric emptying Occasional vomiting in sensitive patients Important clinical notes: Some patients respond better to semaglutide vs tirzepatide A small subset may require dose cycling or pulsing Antibody formation against GLP-1 drugs is a potential research focus Non-Pharmaceutical Alternatives to Increase GLP-1 Activity For patients who cannot tolerate medications, Dr. Dempsey outlines alternatives. Herbal & Supplement Options OptimumGLP Synergy (herbal blend designed to support GLP-1 signaling) Calocurb (GLP-1 supportive compound) These options may: Reduce inflammation Help stabilize appetite and blood sugar Calm mast-cell activity Diet-Based Strategies Dr. Dempsey explains why higher-protein and carnivore-leaning diets may benefit MCAS and Lyme patients: Protein and fat stimulate endogenous GLP-1 Reduced food triggers Improved metabolic stability Patients do not need to eat exclusively meat — but increasing high-quality protein intake is often beneficial. Nervous System, Trauma & Mast Cell Feedback Loops The episode explores how: Mast cells and nerves exist in a bidirectional feedback loop Chronic fight-or-flight worsens immune activation Therapies discussed: Limbic retraining programs ( Primal Trust , Gupta Program) Vagal nerve stimulation Apollo Neuro wearable Ketamine-assisted therapy Psychedelic microdosing (emerging area) Breaking the mast-cell / nervous-system loop is often essential for healing. Women’s Health, PCOS & Autoimmune Illness Dr. Dempsey shares a critical insight: > In her practice, every PCOS patient also has MCAS. She explains how: Mast cells respond to estrogen, progesterone, insulin, and cortisol Hormonal fluctuations can trigger MCAS flares MCAS may underlie PMS, PMDD, endometriosis, and reproductive pain syndromes GLP-1 therapy may offer new hope for women suffering from inflammatory gynecologic symptoms linked to Lyme and MCAS. Advocacy, ILADS & The Future of MCAS Research Dr. Dempsey discusses her work with: ILADS (International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society) ISMCAS (International Society for Mast Cell Activation Syndrome) ISMCAS goals include: Funding MCAS research Educating clinicians globally Supporting patients and advocacy efforts She encourages patients to: Educate themselves Share credible research with providers Move on from doctors unwilling to listen Final Takeaway This episode redefines what root-cause medicine truly means. Healing chronic Lyme disease often requires addressing: Immune dysregulation Mast cell activation Nervous system dysfunction Hormonal imbalance Metabolic inflammation Dr. Tania Dempsey offers a roadmap — grounded in science, compassion, and innovation — for patients

In this powerful and science-forward episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, host Matt Sabatello sits down with Amy Proal, PhD, a leading microbiologist whose work is reshaping how the medical community understands chronic Lyme disease, post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD), ME/CFS, and Long COVID. Dr. Proal brings a rare combination of deep scientific expertise, lived experience with chronic illness, and real-world clinical integration, offering listeners clarity on why so many patients remain sick long after standard treatment ends — and what science is finally doing about it. 👩‍🔬 About Amy Proal, PhD Amy Proal, PhD, is an internationally recognized microbiologist specializing in the molecular mechanisms by which persistent pathogens alter human immunity, metabolism, and gene expression. She currently serves in two major leadership roles: President & Research Director, PolyBio Research Foundation Scientific Director, Cohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic Illness (CORE) at Mount Sinai Her work focuses on infection-associated chronic illness, including: Chronic Lyme disease & tick-borne co-infections Post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLD) ME/CFS Long COVID Dr. Proal is widely known for helping shift the scientific narrative away from psychosomatic explanations and toward biological root causes driven by persistent infection and immune dysregulation. 🧬 PolyBio Research Foundation: Rewriting the Science of Chronic Illness Dr. Proal co-founded PolyBio Research Foundation in 2018 alongside neuroscientist Dr. Michael VanElzakker, after recognizing that most chronic illness research ignored root cause biology, particularly infection. What Makes PolyBio Different Led by scientists, not administrators Focused on tissue-based research, not just blood tests Actively recruits researchers from HIV, tuberculosis, and virology fields to study Lyme and ME/CFS Designs research programs before fundraising, ensuring scientific rigor PolyBio has played a major role in advancing research on: Pathogen persistence in human tissue Hidden reservoirs of infection Why standard diagnostics often fail 🏥 Cohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic Illness (CORE) Dr. Proal also serves as Scientific Director of the Cohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic Illness (CORE) at Mount Sinai in New York City. CORE’s Mission Treat patients with Long COVID and chronic tick-borne illness within an insurance-based system Integrate clinical care with active research and clinical trials Establish new standards of care for infection-associated chronic disease At CORE, Dr. Proal helps design studies that leverage real patient visits — asking critical questions such as: Where is the pathogen hiding? What tissues are affected? What immune pathways are disrupted? 🧠 Persistent Infection & Why Blood Tests Fail A central theme of the episode is that chronic infection is often a tissue-based disease, not a blood-based one. Dr. Proal explains: Pathogens like Borrelia (Lyme) and SARS-CoV-2 actively avoid the bloodstream Blood is heavily patrolled by immune cells — tissue offers protection Absence of evidence in blood ≠ absence of infection This helps explain why: Lyme disease often goes undetected by standard serology Patients remain symptomatic despite “negative tests” Tissue biopsies and advanced imaging are essential for progress 🧬 Molecular Mimicry: How Infection Triggers Autoimmune Symptoms Dr. Proal provides a clear explanation of molecular mimicry, a key mechanism linking infection and autoimmunity. What Is Molecular Mimicry? Pathogens produce proteins that closely resemble human proteins The immune system attacks the pathogen — and accidentally attacks the body This creates autoimmune-like disease, even though infection is the trigger This mechanism helps explain: Why immune suppression may reduce symptoms but worsen disease Why many autoimmune diagnoses may actually be infection-driven Why treating the pathogen matters, not just calming the immune system 🔁 Successive Infection: Why Some Patients Get Sicker Than Others A major insight from this episode is Dr. Proal’s concept of successive infection. Rather than genetics alone, she suggests severity is often driven by: Prior infections (Lyme, Bartonella, Babesia, viruses) Environmental exposures (mold, toxins) Physical trauma (concussions, brain injury) Each “hit” dysregulates the immune system, making the next infection harder to clear — a cumulative burden that explains why: Some people become severely ill from Lyme Others remain asymptomatic despite repeated tick exposure 🧠 Neurological Lyme, the Brain & the Vagus Nerve Dr. Proal discusses multiple ways Lyme and infections affect the nervous system: Direct CNS Infection Pathogens crossing the blood–brain barrier Microglial activation causing neuroinflammation Indirect Neurological Signaling Infection in the gut, heart, or lungs activating the vagus nerve nearby Direct infection of the vagus nerve with Lyme Brainstem signaling triggering fatigue, pain, dysautonomia, and brain fog This dual-pathway model explains why neurological symptoms can occur even without detectable brain infection. 🧫 Tissue, Imaging & the Future of Diagnostics One of the most exciting parts of the episode covers next-generation diagnostics, including: Tissue biopsies (gut, lymph nodes, nerve, synovium) Ultra-sensitive molecular detection Immune cell exhaustion markers (e.g., PD-1) Advanced imaging that can map pathogens in the body Dr. Proal explains how future tools may: Identify not just presence , but activity of infection Distinguish nervous system involvement Enable targeted clinical trials and personalized treatment 🧠 Infection, Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Disease Dr. Proal also discusses compelling research linking infection to Alzheimer’s disease, including evidence that: Amyloid plaques may be part of the innate immune response Plaques form around viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens Removing amyloid alone fails because it ignores root cause This framework aligns with decades of overlooked research connecting Lyme, herpesviruses, and neurodegeneration. 🌱 Hope for the Lyme & Chronic Illness Community Dr. Proal closes the episode with optimism, highlighting: Rapid advances in diagnostics Better-designed clinical trials Increasing collaboration across institutions A long-overdue shift toward biological validation Her message is clear: Patients were right. Science is finally catching up. 🔑 Key Topics Covered Chronic Lyme disease Post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLD) Persistent Borrelia infection Molecular mimicry and autoimmunity Successive infection model Long COVID pathogen persistence Tissue-based diagnostics Neurological Lyme disease Vagus nerve and dysautonomia Cohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic Illness PolyBio Research Foundation

Dr. Bobbi S. Pritt joins Tick Boot Camp Podcast for a scientific deep dive into Lyme disease diagnostics, co-infections, and emerging tick-borne pathogens. Dr. Pritt is Professor and Chair of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic and Director of the Clinical Parasitology Laboratory in Rochester, Minnesota. An internationally recognized expert in vector-borne diseases, she is globally known for discovering new tick-borne pathogens—including Borrelia mayonii and Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis—and for advancing cutting-edge molecular and metagenomic diagnostic testing used nationwide. This episode offers essential clarity for anyone navigating Lyme disease, unexplained symptoms, or confusing test results. Dr. Pritt explains why standard tests often miss early Lyme, how PCR and molecular tools can detect active infection, and what metagenomic sequencing may offer for more accurate and comprehensive diagnostics in the future. Episode Summary Dr. Pritt breaks down how Lyme and other tick-borne diseases are detected through antibody testing, PCR, tissue analysis, and cutting-edge molecular methods. She explains how her lab discovered multiple new pathogens in the upper Midwest, the role of tick species in disease transmission, and why co-infections complicate diagnosis. This conversation also explores geographic spread, climate change, tick behavior, and the strengths and limitations of today’s test algorithms. Key Topics • Discovery of Borrelia mayonii as a second cause of Lyme disease in the U.S. • Identification and characterization of Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis • Geographic hotspots and why the upper Midwest produces unique pathogens • Tick species differences: blacklegged vs. lone star ticks and their hunting strategies • Co-feeding in ticks and its role in pathogen evolution • Why early Lyme tests often return false-negative results • The science behind false positives and cross-reactivity • PCR advantages and limitations for detecting Borrelia • When skin biopsies can outperform blood tests • Differentiating Lyme, B. miyamotoi, Anaplasma, Babesia, and Powassan virus • When clinicians should order a full tick-borne disease panel • How climate and ecological changes drive new tick-borne threats • The promise of metagenomics and immune-signature diagnostics What You’ll Learn • Why current Lyme testing algorithms struggle in early infection • How new tick-borne pathogens are discovered and validated • Why lone star ticks are more aggressive and changing regional risk • When and why molecular testing is more effective • What symptoms point to co-infections needing additional testing • Why doxycycline is not effective for certain pathogens like Babesia • How metagenomic sequencing could identify every pathogen in a single sample • Where diagnostic innovation is heading and what patients can expect

In this episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, Matt Sabatello sits down with Yuri Kim, the lead clinical research nurse for MIT’s MAESTRO study, described as one of the largest studies in MIT history focused on Lyme disease and Infection-Associated Chronic Illnesses (IACI). Yuri explains how MAESTRO is collecting deep symptom histories and objective measurements—from eye tracking and EEG/P300 auditory testing to NASA Lean dysautonomia testing, capillaroscopy, and multi-sample biological collection—to identify patterns that validate patient experiences and accelerate real-world clinical understanding. Yuri’s story is equally compelling: she began as an ER nurse in a Level 1 trauma center, transitioned into research nursing (including neurodegenerative and traumatic brain injury work), moved to South Korea during the pandemic, and ultimately joined MIT after a conversation with Dr. Mikki Tal changed the course of her career. Throughout the conversation, Yuri shares what she’s learned from MAESTRO participants: a community often exhausted and dismissed, yet profoundly motivated to help others and drive scientific progress forward. Key Takeaways (Fast Scan) MAESTRO is nearing ~200 participants enrolled, with the chronic Lyme cohort full and enrollment closing soon. The study aims to objectively measure symptoms often dismissed as “anxiety” or “depression,” especially brain fog and dysautonomia. MAESTRO uses multiple cognitive and neurologic measures, including RightEye eye tracking, EEG + P300 auditory “oddball” testing, and remote cognitive battery tests. The team added capillaroscopy (nailfold and toe microvascular imaging) to explore vascular patterns and hemorrhages in chronic illness cohorts. Dysautonomia testing includes NASA Lean Test plus an earpiece device to estimate proxy cerebral blood flow, sometimes showing abnormalities even when vitals look “normal.” Extensive biological sampling (oral, blood, vaginal/rectal) supports proteomics/immune profiling and deeper molecular analysis. Yuri emphasizes: patients’ willingness to participate—despite severe symptoms—is the engine of progress and future change. Detailed Chapter-by-Chapter Show Notes 1) Meet Yuri Kim: The Human Side of Cutting-Edge Lyme Research Matt introduces Yuri as the clinical research nurse leading day-to-day operations of MIT’s MAESTRO study—positioning her as a rare bridge between lab science, clinicians, and patients. Yuri shares that the study is approaching enrollment completion and that the team is eager to analyze a large dataset to “speak up” for participants who have suffered without clear explanations. Highlights: MAESTRO is one of MIT’s largest studies, with enrollment nearing completion. The mission is to transform patient suffering into measurable signals, data, and insight. 2) Yuri’s Background: Pharma, ER Nursing, Research, and Why This Work Became Personal Yuri explains her path: early work as a medical information specialist in pharma (including literature searches and clinician guidance, often involving off-label questions), then an intense period as a Level 1 ER nurse where she witnessed both acute crises and chronic illness desperation. Key insight:Yuri notes that in pharma and ER settings, she repeatedly saw the same reality—patients searching for answers, clinicians constrained by time, and chronic illness voices falling through the cracks. 3) From the ER to Neuro Research: Brain Inflammation, TBI, and the Gap in Chronic Illness Care Yuri left ER work largely due to the physical toll of night shifts and moved into academic research at Boston University. She worked on complex studies involving Alzheimer’s, amyloidosis, and traumatic brain injury. Matt asks whether Lyme came up in those neuro settings. Yuri says no—but now she views neurodegenerative symptoms differently and believes clinicians should consider underlying root causes, including infection. Listener connection:This segment reinforces how often Lyme-related cognitive decline can be misinterpreted or missed when viewed through siloed specialties. 4) Lyme Awareness Outside the U.S.: South Korea, Tick-Borne Illness, and Global Blind Spots During the pandemic, Yuri relocated to South Korea. She shares that Lyme isn’t commonly discussed there, though other tick-borne illnesses exist. Yuri underscores a global concern: agricultural and rural communities face tick exposure without awareness of the chronic implications. 5) How Yuri Joined Dr. Mikki Tal and MAESTRO (And Why She Changed Her Mind) One of the most memorable segments: Yuri reveals she had already accepted another MIT nursing role—but after speaking with Dr. Tal, she pivoted immediately, calling it the best career decision she’s ever made. Why it matters: It shows how MAESTRO is not just a study; it’s a mission-driven effort that attracts top clinical talent. 6) Day One at MAESTRO: Meeting the Severely Ill and the Community’s Unmatched Generosity Yuri recounts a powerful early experience: meeting a participant who was bedbound and profoundly symptomatic, yet eager to contribute anything possible to help the community. Matt connects this to Tick Boot Camp’s origin story: people with minimal energy still showed up to help others. The theme becomes clear—Lyme patients are often depleted but relentlessly generous. What MAESTRO Measures (The Four-Hour Visit Breakdown) 7) Brain Fog: Why MAESTRO Treats It as a Complex Phenomenon Yuri explains MAESTRO’s approach: brain fog isn’t one symptom. It can involve memory, processing speed, visual stimulation sensitivity, pain-triggered cognition changes, and motor response delays. Core idea: MAESTRO attempts to measure brain fog from multiple angles—visual processing, auditory processing, reaction time, and executive function. 8) RightEye Eye Tracking: Visual Stimulus + Reaction Time as Objective Signal Participants complete a structured set of ocular motor tasks (pursuit, saccades) and reaction-time games (shape recognition mapped to numbered inputs). Yuri notes many chronic illness participants struggle even with basic saccades, often aligning with reported visual disturbances. What MAESTRO is measuring: Ocular motor control Visual processing Decision speed Reaction time consistency 9) EEG + P300 “Oddball” Test: Auditory Processing Meets Motor Output Participants wear an EEG cap (19 regions) and listen to tones: common low-pitch and rare high-pitch. They must press the spacebar only for the rare tone. Yuri notes that even a 4-minute test can be exhausting for people with cognitive dysfunction, and participants often describe a frustrating “delay” between knowing what to do and physically doing it. Why this matters: This may help validate cognitive dysfunction even when standard office screening looks normal. 10) Remote Cognitive Battery Testing: Scaling Measurement Beyond MIT Participants complete executive function tests at home (memory, Stroop-like color-word matching, trail-making tasks). Yuri emphasizes why this matters: many patients can’t travel, and symptoms vary dramatically by day, cycle, and crash patterns. Big future direction: Remote testing could expand access to bedbound patients and capture “good day vs bad day” variability. 11) Dysautonomia & POTS: NASA Lean Test + Proxy Cerebral Blood Flow Yuri details NASA Lean testing: supine rest, then standing/leaning while monitoring vitals and symptoms. The standout: sometimes vitals appear stable while patients feel intensely symptomatic—yet the cerebral blood flow proxy measurement fluctuates significantly. Clinical implication discussed: This approach could become a tool for identifying dysautonomia-related issues when standard vitals “look fine.” 12) Capillaroscopy: Nailfold + Toe Microvascular Imaging MAESTRO added capillaroscopy to examine microvascular patterns, including abnormal shapes and possible hemorrhages seen more frequently in chronic cohorts (as her clinical observations suggest). They also measure capillaries pre- and post-NASA Lean to explore whether symptomatic shifts correlate with microvascular changes. Why patients find it meaningful: They can visually see something measurable that aligns with how they feel. 13) Standard Neuro Screening Doesn’t Capture Lyme Brain Fog Yuri shares a crucial point: participants often perform fine on standard screens like the Mini-Mental State Exam, suggesting that infection-associated cognitive dysfunction can be subtle, dynamic, and not detected by traditional tools—reinforcing the need for MAESTRO-style measurement. Biological Samples: “Measure Everything” (Head to Toe) 14) Multi-Sample Collection: Oral, Blood, Vaginal, Rectal Yuri explains the breadth of biological sampling, including saliva/oral samples (cotton chew + gum swab), multiple blood tubes, and sex-specific sampling to explore immune, hormonal, microbiome, and gynecologic dimensions. Why it’s being done: To connect symptom clusters to molecular patterns and explore sex differences in chronic illness response. 15) Storage, Batch Effects, and What Happens After Enrollment Closes Samples are aliquoted and stored at -80°C until they can be processed/shipped in ways that minimize batch effects. The next phase is analysis and collaboration—including proteomics and immune signaling exploration. 16) Giving Back to Participants: The Challenge and the Intention Yuri acknowledges the “fine line” between research-only testing and clinically actionable reporting, but stresses MIT’s intention to return what can be responsibly shared through certified partners—while being careful not to over-interpret research findings. Collaboration, Scaling, and What Comes Next 17) Collaboration Across Institutions: The Missing Platform Matt compares Lyme research needs to cybersecurity threat-sharing between banks: competitors collaborate because the threat is bigger than any one organization. Yuri agrees and highlights the need for secure data-sharing platforms—similar to large national efforts in other fields. 18) What’s Next: Focus on Female Brain Fog, Hormones, and Remote Studies Yuri previews upcoming directions: Brain fog and hormone cycle relationships Differentiating infection-associated cognitive dysfunction vs menopause-related brain fog Remote/at-home measurement studies to reach more symptomatic and bedbound patients Potential collaborations with pediatric and neuroimmune experts Closing Message: Hope Without Hype Yuri’s message to patients and families is simple and emotional: “Please don’t give up.” She believes answers are coming because serious teams are working together—and because patients are driving the research forward with their participation.

In this powerful and deeply moving episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, we sit down with Julia Bruzzese, a 22-year-old Lyme disease survivor, disability advocate, and future physician whose life was forever changed by an untreated tick bite in childhood. After developing a classic bull’s-eye rash at age 9, Julia went undiagnosed for nearly two years, despite textbook symptoms of Lyme disease. By age 11, she experienced a catastrophic neurological decline that left her paraplegic and wheelchair-bound. Over the next decade, Julia saw more than 100 doctors, endured profound medical gaslighting, and navigated an exhausting journey through antibiotics, IVIG, IV antibiotics, plasmapheresis, stem cells, ozone therapy, and integrative care. Julia’s story became internationally known after a moment with Pope Francis on the JFK airport tarmac went viral in 2015—an event that opened doors to care, advocacy, and awareness. She later became the emotional centerpiece of the award-winning documentary The Quiet Epidemic, appeared at New York Fashion Week as a Lyme disease advocate, and was profiled by renowned journalist Mary Beth Pfeiffer. Today, Julia is finishing her undergraduate degree and has been accepted into medical school, determined to become the kind of doctor she needed when the system failed her. This episode is a masterclass in: Pediatric Lyme disease Medical gaslighting vs. lack of education Clinical diagnosis vs. unreliable testing The patient-doctor relationship Chronic illness, disability, and purpose Why Lyme disease changes lives—and why early treatment matters Childhood Lyme Disease & Missed Diagnosis Tick bite and bull’s-eye rash dismissed at age 9 Two years of worsening symptoms labeled as “growing pains,” viruses, or psychological Why early Lyme treatment saves lives Neurological Collapse & Hospital Trauma Sudden onset of paralysis, vision loss, fevers, hair loss, and weakness at age 11 Over 100 doctors and repeated hospitalizations Being accused of malingering and conversion disorder The devastating impact of medical disbelief on children The Quiet Epidemic Documentary How Julia became the heart of the film at age 12 Why she initially hesitated to share her story The emotional impact of seeing her illness reflected on screen How the documentary helps families explain Lyme disease to others Meeting Pope Francis & Global Awareness How a school principal secured last-minute tickets The Pope walks directly to Julia’s wheelchair The moment that changed everything Media coverage that led to access to lifesaving care Treatment Journey Lyme-literate diagnosis by NP Somer DelSignore Oral and IV antibiotics IVIG (including under-dosing issues) Plasmapheresis POTS, Babesia, Bartonella, and autoimmune complications Stem cell therapy abroad Ozone and integrative protocols Why there is no single silver bullet for Lyme disease The Medical System & Lyme Denial Why doctors often say “it’s all in your head” The difference between malice and lack of training How medical education fails chronic illness patients Fear of insurance companies, lawsuits, and “accepted guidelines” Why Lyme is a clinical diagnosis, not a test result Reframing “Medical Gaslighting” Why anger is understandable—but not always healing How patients and doctors can become better partners Understanding doctors’ limitations without excusing harm Advocacy with clarity, not hostility Disability, Identity & Resilience Navigating life and education as a wheelchair user Accommodations, accessibility, and invisible illness “I have Lyme. I am not Lyme.” Learning when to rest, when to fight, and when to live Becoming the Doctor She Needed Working as a medical assistant and hospital volunteer in a wheelchair Applying to and being accepted into medical school Becoming the first wheelchair-using medical student at her institution Why lived experience belongs in medicine Medical Malpractice Lawsuit Lawsuit filed in NYC (March 2021) against multiple doctors and hospitals Failure to diagnose and treat Lyme disease despite clear evidence Why Lyme malpractice cases are rare—and necessary Seeking accountability, not revenge Purpose, Faith & Meaning From “Why me?” to “Why not me?” How suffering clarified her calling The role of faith, family, and community Why Julia wouldn’t give this journey back—even now Memorable Quotes “I was criminalized as an eleven-year-old child for being sick.” “It actually was in my head—the bacteria was in my brain.” “I have Lyme disease. I am not Lyme disease.” “There is no silver bullet for Lyme. Healing is trial and error.” “I wouldn’t be who I am—or know my purpose—without this journey.” Why This Episode Matters This episode is essential listening for: Parents of children with unexplained symptoms Lyme disease and chronic illness patients Medical professionals and students Advocates fighting for better diagnostics and care Anyone who has ever felt dismissed, unseen, or unheard in healthcare Julia Bruzzese’s story is not just about Lyme disease—it’s about truth, resilience, accountability, and hope.

Singer-songwriter and Lyme disease advocate Jesse Ruben joins the Tick Boot Camp Podcast for an incredibly honest, emotional, and deeply educational conversation about chronic Lyme disease, identity loss, treatment failure, unconventional healing, relapse, nervous system trauma, and the role of music and community in survival. Jesse’s journey spans more than a decade and includes misdiagnosis, years of antibiotic treatment, experimental therapies, remission, relapse during the pandemic, gut microbiome restoration, nervous system healing, and ultimately a renewed sense of purpose through advocacy and art. This episode is essential listening for anyone navigating chronic Lyme disease, supporting someone who is sick, or questioning whether healing is still possible. Jesse Ruben’s Early Life and Music Career Jesse grew up outside Philadelphia, surrounded by music, creativity, and curiosity. While he jokes that his songwriting degree was “a very expensive, useless piece of paper,” the competitive creative environment of music school helped sharpen his storytelling voice. By his early 20s, Jesse was living in New York City, touring, running marathons, and building momentum as an independent musician. He had just completed his third New York City Marathon, was in peak physical condition, and his career was accelerating—until his health began to unravel. The Onset of Illness: When Lyme Disease Took Everything Jesse’s first red flag appeared when he became short of breath climbing subway stairs, despite being a marathon runner. Soon after, nausea, dizziness, headaches, neurological symptoms, and crushing fatigue followed. On Christmas Day 2012, Jesse developed what seemed like a flu that never went away. Over the following months, symptoms escalated dramatically: Severe fatigue that made basic movement impossible Brain fog and memory loss Crawling sensations under the skin Air hunger and dizziness Anxiety, depression, and mood changes Weight loss and neurological dysfunction Despite seeing 15 doctors over nine months, Jesse received conflicting diagnoses ranging from vitamin deficiencies to fibromyalgia and lupus. Every test came back “normal.” Insurance denied coverage. Doctors told him he would “have to live with it.” During a national tour, Jesse was so debilitated that a friend physically lifted him onto the stage to perform, then carried him back to the van afterward. Eventually, through relentless self-research, Jesse discovered a symptom list online that finally connected the dots: Lyme disease. Diagnosis and Early Treatment Failure Jesse was ultimately diagnosed at the Morrison Center in New York City, where testing confirmed: Lyme disease Babesia Mycoplasma His initial treatment path included: 6 months of oral doxycycline 18 months of IV azithromycin Antiparasitics Mepron (for Babesia) Antifungals, antivirals, supplements, and Chinese herbs Despite years of treatment, nothing produced lasting improvement. Jesse describes his life during this period as being reduced to pill schedules, doctor visits, and survival mode. The Game Changer: Chelation and Ozone Therapy After nearly three years with minimal progress, Jesse’s provider, Dr. Gerald (“Jerry”) T. Simons at the Morrison Center, suggested a more experimental approach: chelation combined with ozone therapy. Jesse underwent IV chelation and ozone therapy multiple times per week for several months. The results were dramatic. Nearly all of Jesse’s symptoms resolved, and for the first time, he felt like himself again. Even years later, booster ozone treatments helped stop symptom flares before they escalated. 🔗 Learn more about Dr. Simons and the Morrison Center: https://www.morrisonhealth.com/staff/gerald-t-simons-pa-c/ Remission, Identity Loss, and the Hidden Trauma of Healing Jesse entered remission around 2016, but recovery wasn’t simple. While his body improved, his nervous system remained dysregulated, leaving him: Angry Hypervigilant Emotionally reactive Afraid symptoms would return Lyme disease had stolen not only his health but his identity as a musician, partner, and person. Re-entering the world—socially, professionally, and emotionally—was deeply challenging. Music Born From Illness Jesse channeled his experience into music that resonated deeply with the Lyme community. 🎵 Monster Written from a voice memo recorded at 4:45 a.m. during a rare moment of mental clarity, Monster captures the fear, rage, and disbelief of living in an invisible war within your own body. 🔗 Watch “Monster”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJQKVSA_7Gw 🎵 This Is Why I Need You Written after Jesse entered remission, this song is a tribute to the doctors, nurses, friends, and strangers who carried him through the darkest years. It has since surpassed tens of millions of streams worldwide. 🔗 Watch “This Is Why I Need You”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4NgsbkyeJs Generation Lyme: Turning Pain Into Purpose Jesse co-founded Generation Lyme, now the largest provider of online Lyme disease support meetups in the world. For more than six years, Jesse has hosted weekly meetups, helping newly diagnosed patients find community, guidance, and hope. 🔗 Listen to the Tick Boot Camp Generation Lyme episode: https://tickbootcamp.com/episode-250-generation-lyme-an-interview-with-brooke-stoddard-jennifer-hoffmann-jesse-ruben-and-haley-dibiase/ Relapse During the Pandemic and Gut Microbiome Collapse In 2021, Jesse relapsed after contracting Giardia, likely due to immune vulnerability from years of antibiotics and chronic illness. Symptoms persisted for years and included: Severe GI dysfunction Weight loss Neurological symptoms Vision changes Heightened anxiety and isolation Traditional GI doctors labeled it IBS, offering no real solutions. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT): Resetting the Gut Desperate for answers, Jesse pursued Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) through the Purety Clinic. FMT helped: Restore gut microbiome diversity Improve sleep Reduce inflammation Stabilize nervous system responses 🔗 Learn more about FMT at Purety Clinic: https://www.puretyclinic.com/fecal-transplant Ketamine Therapy: Healing the Nervous System Despite physical improvement, Jesse’s nervous system remained stuck in fight-or-flight. In late 2024, he began IV ketamine therapy at the Atlanta Ketamine Center. The impact was profound. Ketamine helped Jesse: Regulate his nervous system Release years of stored trauma Rebuild emotional safety Restore gratitude for life Heal his marriage Reconnect with creativity 🔗 Atlanta Ketamine Center: https://atlantaketaminecenter.com/ Jesse describes ketamine as “30 years of therapy in 90 minutes” and credits it with saving his marriage, career, and life. A New Chapter: Healing, Music, and Meaning Today, Jesse is: Releasing new music Touring through intimate house concerts Continuing Lyme advocacy Hosting Generation Lyme meetups Building a future with his wife Prioritizing joy, creativity, and presence He no longer measures success by fame—but by impact, connection, and purpose. Final Thoughts Jesse Ruben’s story is a powerful reminder that chronic Lyme disease is real, recovery is nonlinear, and healing often requires addressing infection, gut health, and the nervous system together. Most importantly, his journey proves that even after years of suffering, life can still expand, soften, and become meaningful again. 🎧 Listen to the full episode now🎶 Explore Jesse’s music and advocacy🤝 Share this episode with someone who needs hope You are not alone—and healing is still possible.

Overview This special episode of the [Tick Boot Camp Podcast](https://tickbootcamp.com/podcast/) was recorded live at the 2nd Annual Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) and PCOM Symposium in collaboration with Pathobiome Perspectives. Hosted by Ali Moresco in partnership with Nikki Schultek, Executive Director of AlzPI, the conversation continues the Tick Boot Camp mission of exploring infection-associated chronic illness (IACI)—including Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections—within the global Alzheimer’s and neuroimmunology research community. Tick Boot Camp co-founders Matt Sabatello and Rich Johannesen partnered with Ali and Nikki to highlight leading scientists connecting microbes, immune dysregulation, and neurodegenerative disease. This episode features Dr. Elizabeth “Betsy” Bradshaw, Assistant Professor of Neurology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, whose research investigates how past infections leave lasting imprints on the brain’s immune system and influence the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Guest Elizabeth M. Bradshaw, PhD Assistant Professor of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center Principal Investigator, Bradshaw Laboratory – Neuroimmunology and Genetics of Alzheimer’s Dr. Bradshaw’s laboratory focuses on the immune system’s role in neurodegeneration, particularly how infection and inflammation alter brain immunity and predispose individuals to conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. Her work builds on large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that identified immune-related genetic variants linked to Alzheimer’s susceptibility, suggesting that subtle changes in immune function—not just neuronal factors—may underlie disease onset. Her team is exploring how pathogens such as HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1) interact with the brain’s immune cells, known as microglia, and how these infections can “reprogram” immune responses long after the pathogen is cleared. Key Discussion Points Dr. Bradshaw explains how her research bridges genetics, immunology, and infectious disease to better understand Alzheimer’s. Through GWAS data, her team found that many of the genes linked to Alzheimer’s risk involve immune pathways rather than neuronal signaling. This discovery redirected the field’s attention toward how immune cells respond to pathogens and environmental stressors across a lifetime. Using human-derived microglia-like cells created from blood monocytes, her team observes how infections reshape immune cell metabolism and memory. By infecting these microglia-like cells with Alzheimer’s-associated pathogens like HSV-1, they study how genetic background and infection history determine immune cell behavior. The findings suggest that past infections may epigenetically and metabolically train microglia—changing how they respond to aging, stress, and amyloid buildup. Even when the infection has resolved, these “reprogrammed” immune cells can remain altered for decades, silently increasing the brain’s vulnerability to neurodegeneration. Dr. Bradshaw emphasizes that understanding how infections rewire the brain’s immune landscape could transform early intervention strategies. Identifying combinations of genetic risk factors and pathogen exposures may enable targeted prevention or immune-modulating treatments long before symptoms appear. “Microglia remember. Even after the pathogen is gone, they carry its imprint—responding differently decades later when the brain faces new challenges.” — Dr. Elizabeth Bradshaw Why It Matters Dr. Bradshaw’s work reframes Alzheimer’s disease as a neuroimmune condition shaped by infection and host genetics. Her research highlights how microbial exposures, immune history, and inflammation converge to influence cognitive decline. By integrating infection biology with genetics and immunology, her team is redefining how scientists and clinicians view the root causes of Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. This work strengthens the growing case that the immune system’s “memory” of infection may be one of the most important and overlooked factors in brain health and aging. About the Event This interview was recorded at the 2nd Annual Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) and Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) Symposium, held October 3, 2025, at Ohio University in Dublin, Ohio. The event brought together more than 20 leading researchers exploring how microbes, the microbiome, and immune dysregulation contribute to Alzheimer’s, dementia, and infection-associated chronic illness (IACI). Tick Boot Camp partnered with Ali Moresco and Nikki Schultek to share these conversations and connect chronic Lyme, infection, and neurodegenerative research communities. Learn More Learn more about the Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) Listen to Tick Boot Camp Podcast episodes, including Episode 406: Pathobiome – An Interview with Nikki Schultek and Episode 101: The Young Gun – An Interview with Alex (Ali) Moresco discussed in this interview.

Overview This special episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast was recorded live at the 2nd Annual Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) and PCOM Symposium in collaboration with Pathobiome Perspectives. Hosted by Ali Moresco in partnership with Nikki Schultek (Executive Director, AlzPI), the conversation advances the Tick Boot Camp mission of exploring infection-associated chronic illness (IACI)—including Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections—within the global Alzheimer’s and neuroimmunology community. Tick Boot Camp co-founders Matt Sabatello and Rich Johannesen partnered with Ali and Nikki to amplify voices connecting tick-borne illness, microbes, and cognitive decline. This episode features Nicole Bell—author, entrepreneur, and CEO of Galaxy Diagnostics—whose memoir What Lurks in the Woods documents her late husband Russ’s misdiagnosed tick-borne illness and their search for answers. Guest Nicole Bell Author of What Lurks in the Woods CEO, Galaxy Diagnostics Advocate for tick-borne and neurodegenerative disease BS/MS, Materials Science & Engineering (MIT) MS, Biomedical Engineering (Duke University) At the Symposium, Nicole presented “When the brain pathobiome becomes personal,” sharing her family’s journey and new findings from Russ’s donated brain: laboratory evidence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Babesia otocoli (a species long thought to be deer-restricted) in brain tissue—data now being prepared for publication. Researchers also noted elevated heavy metals (lead, mercury), underscoring how polymicrobial infection plus toxic exposures may converge to drive neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s-like decline. Key Discussion Points Nicole details how repeated “normal” neurology workups masked a complex pathobiome process. She explains why standard two-tier Lyme serology can miss true infection, how direct detection can change care, and why patients should consider Bartonella and Babesia alongside Lyme. She outlines hallmark Bartonella clues—including striæ that resemble stretch marks (often more visible after hot showers), neuropsychiatric manifestations (irritability, anxiety, OCD, tics), ocular and joint involvement—and highlights non-tick vectors (notably fleas and household cats) that expand risk beyond forest exposure. Nicole advocates for building a diagnostic toolkit that combines serology with sensitive direct tests to clarify which pathogens are active—critical because Borrelia, Bartonella, and Babesia require different treatment paradigms. Looking forward, she envisions comprehensive screening panels for midlife cognitive changes that integrate pathogen load, host immune signatures, and toxin status, enabling earlier, targeted interventions. “Everyone wants a simple A→B. But the toughest chronic conditions are subtle and multifactorial. Accurate data, direct detection, and a clinician who will go on the journey with you can change everything.” — Nicole Bell Why It Matters Nicole’s story humanizes the science: polymicrobial infection + toxins + host factors can look “psychiatric” or “idiopathic” until modern testing reveals the underlying pathobiome. Her advocacy pushes medicine toward precision diagnostics, earlier detection, and pathogen-informed care that may prevent years of decline. About the Event Recorded at the 2nd Annual Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) and Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) Symposium on October 3, 2025, at Ohio University (Dublin, Ohio). The meeting convened global experts investigating how microbes, the microbiome, and immune responses contribute to Alzheimer’s, dementia, PANS/PANDAS, and other infection-associated chronic illnesses (IACI). This episode is part of a Tick Boot Camp series connecting chronic Lyme research with cutting-edge brain-immune science. Learn More Learn more about the Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) Listen to Tick Boot Camp Podcast episodes, including Episode 406: Pathobiome – An Interview with Nikki Schultek, Episode 101: The Young Gun – An Interview with Alex (Ali) Moresco, and Episode 216: What Lurks in the Woods – an interview with Nicole Bell discussed in this interview.

Overview This special episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast was recorded live at the 2nd Annual Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) and PCOM Symposium in collaboration with Pathobiome Perspectives. Hosted by Ali Moresco in partnership with Nikki Schultek, Executive Director of AlzPI, the conversation brings the Tick Boot Camp mission of exploring infection-associated chronic illness (IACI), like Lyme disease and other tick-borne diseases, to the global Alzheimer’s and neuroimmunology research community. Tick Boot Camp co-founders Matt Sabatello and Rich Johannesen partnered with Ali and Nikki to highlight scientists whose work connects tick-borne illness, microbes, and cognitive decline. This episode features Dr. Brian J. Balin, an internationally recognized neuroscientist whose research has redefined the role of infection in contributing to Alzheimer’s disease. Guest Brian J. Balin, PhD Professor of Neuroscience and Neuropathology Director, Center for Chronic Disorders of Aging Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) Dr. Balin directs the Center for Chronic Disorders of Aging and the Adolph and Rose Levis Foundation Laboratory for Alzheimer’s Disease Research at PCOM. With a PhD from the University of Maryland School of Medicine and postdoctoral training at the University of Pennsylvania, he has devoted nearly three decades to understanding how chronic infection and inflammation trigger neurodegeneration. His pioneering discovery that the respiratory bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae infects brain tissue helped establish the Pathogen Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease. His continuing work explores how tick-borne microbes — including Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Bartonella, and Babesia — interact with other pathogens to drive neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. Key Discussion Points How infections such as Chlamydia pneumoniae, Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella, and Babesia were detected in Alzheimer’s brain tissue. Evidence that microbes can enter the brain via the olfactory pathway or blood-brain barrier, initiating chronic inflammation, amyloid plaque formation, and tau tangle pathology. Findings from Dr. Balin’s collaboration with Galaxy Diagnostics and advocate Nicole Bell, revealing polymicrobial infection and even Babesia otocoli — a strain previously believed to infect only deer — in human brain tissue. The use of animal models and 3D human brain organoids to study infection-driven neurodegeneration. Why identifying infection as part of the exposome (environmental insults over a lifetime) is key to developing precision diagnostics and treatments. Future directions: immune-modulating drugs, antimicrobials, and emerging phage therapy. “Infection is part of the exposome — an environmental insult that shapes our health over a lifetime. Recognizing that is key to truly understanding and preventing Alzheimer’s disease.” — Dr. Brian J. Balin Why It Matters Dr. Balin’s research bridges the worlds of neurology and infectious disease, offering a framework that could revolutionize how Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative conditions are diagnosed and treated. By recognizing that microbes — including those transmitted by ticks — can initiate neuroinflammation and cognitive decline, his work provides hope for millions living with infection-associated chronic illness. About the Event The interview took place at the 2nd Annual Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) and Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) Symposium, October 3, 2025, Ohio University in Dublin, Ohio. The Symposium brought together more than 20 experts exploring how microbes, the microbiome, and the host immune response contribute to neurological and psychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer’s, dementia, and PANS/PANDAS. Tick Boot Camp partnered with Ali Moresco and Nikki Schultek to document and share the voices of scientists advancing research on infection-associated chronic illness (IACI). This episode is part of a special series showcasing how pathobiome and microbiome science is changing our understanding of chronic Lyme and neurodegenerative disease. Learn More Learn about the Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) at AlzPI.org. For Dr. Balin’s publications and ongoing research, visit the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) website. Learn more about the Alzheimer’s Pathobiome Initiative (AlzPI) Listen to Tick Boot Camp Podcast episodes, including Episode 406: Pathobiome – An Interview with Nikki Schultek and Episode 101: The Young Gun – An Interview with Alex (Ali) Moresco discussed in this interview.

In this powerful episode of the Tick Boot Camp Podcast, international DJ and artist duo Z3LLA — Julia “Juj” Seeley and Kiana Tebyani — share how chronic illness, creativity, and friendship became the foundation of their success. After years of unexplained symptoms, Juj was diagnosed with Lyme disease, Bartonella, Babesia, mold toxicity, POTS, SIBO, celiac disease, and later catamenial epilepsy. Despite life-altering health challenges, she and her best friend Kiana have built Z3LLA into one of the most exciting names in house music — with their single “Why Should I?” reaching #1 on the US Dance Radio Charts and performances alongside Disco Lines, Galantis, and Bijou. Together, Juj and Kiana discuss performing through flare-ups, collapsing backstage, navigating the medical system, and the emotional toll of chasing dreams while managing invisible illness. From ER visits and red-light therapy to steroid crashes and spiritual breakthroughs, this episode is a masterclass in resilience, vulnerability, and using art as advocacy. 🌿 Episode Highlights The early years: Celiac diagnosis, chronic rashes, and the path to discovering Lyme, Bartonella, and Babesia Treating the terrain: Mold toxicity and inflammation as hidden barriers to healing Neurological challenges: Catamenial epilepsy, seizures, and functional brain inflammation Functional medicine approach: Working with Dr. Nicola Ducharme on hormone balance, gut repair, and detox Touring through illness: Allergic reactions mid-set, paramedics at Miami Music Week, and a hospital trip after the Fonda Theatre show Women’s health gaps: Misdiagnosis, heavy cycles, iron infusions, and the impact of hormonal disruption The LymeLightFoundation’s impact: Lyme disease treatment grants that helped fund advanced Lyme treatments for Juj Friendship and balance: How Kiana became Juj’s anchor on the road and in recovery Boundaries in advocacy: Protecting mental health and avoiding trauma bonding in chronic illness communities The creative future: Plans for a Lyme awareness festival (“LymeStock”), composing for film, and writing a book 💬 Notable Quotes “I was so tired of band-aid medicine — I needed to heal, not just survive.” – Juj Seeley “She’s the definition of perseverance. You’d never know she was hallucinating from exhaustion one night and headlining a sold-out show the next.” – Kiana Tebyani “Consistency is the key to natural healing — the herbs, the detox, the mindset. You have to commit.” – Matt Sabatello “Our art is advocacy. The music tells the story.” – Z3LLA 🔑 Key Topics Chronic Lyme and co-infections (Babesia, Bartonella) Mold toxicity and inflammatory overlap Neurological Lyme and epilepsy (catamenial pattern) Women’s health and hormone regulation Gut healing, celiac management, and SIBO protocols Red light therapy, sauna detox, and lymphatic movement Touring while chronically ill Functional medicine and integrative treatment approaches Mental health, boundaries, and advocacy sustainability Female empowerment in the music industry 💡 Lessons & Takeaways Healing isn’t linear — progress comes in waves, not straight lines. Female artists with chronic illness face unique visibility and credibility challenges. Addressing inflammation and mold toxicity is often the missing step in long-term recovery. Community support and funding — like the Limelight Foundation — can change treatment access. Creative expression is not separate from healing; it’s often part of it. 🎶 About Z3LLA Z3LLA is an award-winning artist/DJ duo composed of Julia “Juj” Seeley and Kiana Tebyani, two vocalists, songwriters, and producers redefining what it means to thrive as women in electronic music. Known for their infectious energy and empowering message, Z3LLA’s breakout single “Why Should I?” hit #1 on the US Dance Radio Charts, with spins on SiriusXM BPM, Music Choice, and Evolution Radio. They’ve shared the stage with Disco Lines, Galantis, and Bijou, earned the Level Future of Dance Award from Nexus Radio, and performed at Miami Music Week and beyond. With an authentic blend of vulnerability and power, Z3LLA is not just creating music — they’re building a movement. Follow Z3LLA: 🎧 Spotify | 📸 Instagram | 🎵 Apple Music | 🌐 YouTube 🔗 Resources Mentioned LymeLight Foundation – Lyme treatment grants for young adults ILADS – International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society Project Lab Coat – Lyme research and awareness initiative Dr. Nicola Ducharme – Functional Medicine & Women’s Health Specialist

Recorded in person in Central Park, NYC just before Project Lab Coat at New York Fashion Week (NYFW), this Tick Boot Camp Podcast features Dr. Bill Rawls on what helps chronic Lyme patients move from overwhelm to progress. We talk immune-first strategy, why antibiotics often fall short in chronic cases, how to protect the gut, and a stepwise plan that reduces flare risk and builds confidence. Episode snapshot Dr. Rawls explains why stealth microbes like Borrelia, Bartonella, and Babesia grow slowly and hide in tissues, which is why a quick-fix antibiotic approach often disappoints in chronic illness. We discuss a four-phase healing framework — prehabilitation, assist the immune system, rehabilitation, and maintenance (PARM) — and how a gradual, system-calming on-ramp helps patients tolerate protocols without crashing. We also dig into gut protection, community support, and how AI can speed education and research. What you will learn Why “assist the immune system” beats “kill at all costs” for chronic Lyme Stealth microbe biology and why slow growth changes the treatment playbook Antibiotic overuse risks including microbiome injury and antibiotic resistance Gut and detox support as foundations for energy, sleep, and resilience A stepwise entry to treatment that reduces flares and anxiety Key herbs with evidence for tick-borne infections and immune modulation Community and education as levers for consistency and long-term success How AI tools can accelerate research, writing, and practical guidance Key topics and takeaways Four phases of recovery: prehab, assist, rehab, maintenance Antibiotics in chronic Lyme: may disrupt the gut before meaningfully impacting slow-growing pathogens Herbal strategy: sustained pressure over time with immune support Gradual on-ramp: calm the nervous system first, then gut and detox, then stronger antimicrobials Team sport: combine self-care, educated use of providers, and moderated community support Herbs and supports mentioned Antimicrobial herbs: Japanese knotweed, Chinese skullcap, Cryptolepis, cat’s claw, garlic Immune-modulating adaptogens: reishi, cordyceps Supportive nutrients: B vitamins, minerals, NAC, glutathione Formats: capsules and tinctures were discussed, including products like Advanced Biotic and Biome Boost within larger protocols Patient-friendly pacing Months 1–2: calm sympathetic overdrive, improve sleep, stabilize Months 3–4: protect gut, support detox, keep gentle antimicrobial pressure Months 5–6: advance to stronger combinations when the body is ready Ongoing: measure progress, maintain gain, prevent backsliding Notable quotes “The immune system always wins the game. Your job is to assist it.” “Stealth microbes grow slowly and hide in tissues. The strategy has to match the biology.” “Education and a supportive community reduce fear and make consistency possible.” Resources and links Watch the video version of this podcast interview on YouTube Read our NYFW Recap: Tick Boot Camp models at Project Labcoat and Why it Matters for Lyme Awareness, Research, and Funding