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The Evolution of the InternetWhen the Internet was first created in the late 1960s, it was only used by scientists and researchers.当互联网在二十世纪六十年代末被创造出来时，它只被科学家和研究人员使用。It was designed as a way for computers to share information across long distances.它的设计目的是让计算机能够在长距离间共享信息。At that time, there were no websites, no email, and certainly no social media.当时还没有网站、电子邮件，更没有社交媒体。By the 1980s, the Internet had grown larger and began to connect universities and organizations around the world.到了二十世纪八十年代，互联网的规模扩大，开始连接世界各地的大学和机构。In the early 1990s, the invention of the World Wide Web changed everything.在九十年代初，万维网的发明彻底改变了一切。Suddenly, anyone could create a webpage and share information easily.突然间，任何人都能轻松创建网页并分享信息。In the beginning, web pages were simple — mostly text with a few pictures.最初的网页非常简单——主要是文字，配上几张图片。As technology improved, websites became more colorful, interactive, and dynamic.随着技术的发展，网站变得更加丰富多彩、互动且动态。In the late 1990s, email became a popular way for people to communicate.在九十年代后期，电子邮件成为人们交流的流行方式。Soon after, instant messaging and chat rooms appeared, allowing real-time communication.不久之后，即时通讯和聊天室出现，让人们能够实时交流。In the 2000s, the rise of social media changed how people used the Internet.在二十一世纪初，社交媒体的兴起改变了人们使用互联网的方式。Websites like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter allowed users to share their thoughts, photos, and videos instantly.像Facebook、YouTube和Twitter这样的网站让用户可以即时分享想法、照片和视频。Smartphones made the Internet even more accessible.智能手机让互联网变得更加易于使用。People no longer needed to sit at a desk to go online — they could connect anywhere, anytime.人们不再需要坐在桌前上网——他们可以随时随地连接网络。Modern Internet use goes far beyond communication.现代互联网的用途远不止于交流。It allows us to shop, study, watch movies, attend meetings, and even control home devices.它让我们能够购物、学习、看电影、开会，甚至控制家用设备。Just like the telephone evolved from a simple device into a powerful communication tool,就像电话从简单的装置发展成强大的通讯工具一样，the Internet has evolved into one of the most essential parts of modern life.互联网也已经成为现代生活中最重要的组成部分之一。With cloud computing and artificial intelligence, the Internet continues to change rapidly.随着云计算和人工智能的发展，互联网仍在迅速变化。People can now store data online, translate languages instantly, and even use virtual assistants to help them work.人们现在可以在线存储数据、即时翻译语言，甚至使用虚拟助理来帮助工作。But with all these benefits come new challenges, such as privacy, security, and misinformation.但随着这些便利而来的是新的挑战，比如隐私、安全和错误信息。Governments and organizations around the world are working to make the Internet safer and fairer.世界各地的政府和组织正在努力让互联网变得更安全、更公平。The Internet has connected the world in ways that people in the past could never imagine.互联网以过去的人们无法想象的方式连接了整个世界。As technology keeps advancing, the Internet will surely continue to shape the future of communication.随着科技不断进步，互联网必将继续塑造人类沟通的未来。

7/29Trauma , is an experience that is constructed  like any other experience os  constructed . That is doesn’t trivialize  , that just shows  you the  real power of predictions in  the economy of your  everyday life . What’s  happening when (an adverse ) experience become traumatic ? The brain is weighing that experience very heavily in its future predictions . From  (a metabolic ) standpoints ,it’s always better to predict and correct  than it is to react, the traumatic event is re-experienced again and again and again , which only strengthen those connections and  only make those predictions more likely in the future , the reason why a brain would  do this is to avoid missing a threat .trivialize 重要的

I am from new York , and my favorite comfort food is grilled cheese , growing up as a  picky eater ,   (grilled cheese ) was  the number 1 thing  that I could  get from every single family member and every single restaurant .  And It be almost the exact same every single time .  It reminds me of being best friend with my mom . My favorite comfort food is congee , a type of  rice porridge , there are also many different types of  congee . And I’ve had it plain . with dried scallops ，with preserved egg and salted  pork, and just whitefish .growing up ,  my mother would make this for breakfast somedays ,and she will also make it for me when I was sick , and I couldn’t keep any solid  foods down . My favorite comfort food is Lahmajun,  it is a  thin flatbread  , almost like pizza , that’s (enjoyed in and ) around the middle east . It’s  typically made by taking  small dough balls  and flatting  them into really thin pieces , and them it’s topped  with beef or lamb , some vegetables ,and  spices , and then it cooked in oven for just a  few minutes . My family and I typically buy a dozen or so of them from Armenia bakeries or grocery stores  here in LA , because they make them  really tasty plain 清淡的scallops 干贝flatbread 小面包干Flat  平坦的oven 烤炉

7/15Diet is the behavior that’s been studied the most in terms of trying to affect thing like  aging and longevity.There really three components of diet that seem to be impacting aging :So the first is. How much we eat , the second is what we eat , and the third is when we eat . So in terms of how much we eat , a lot of science went into this idea of caloric restriction . Caloric restriction isn’t a starvation .it’s usually just about a 20 precent reduction in the overall caloric intake . The other thing , that has  been study , is this concept  of what we eat ,  a lot of research has  gone into whether things  like plant-based diet  are actually beneficial to  aging and longevity, there  seems to be some evidence ,that eating less animal products , more fruit ,veggies , more wholefoods ,it’s going to  be better overall . But  what scientists found , is actually fasting can (con mimic ) some of the benefits , that we’ve seen with (caloric restriction ) , so if people can perhaps minimize their eating to a small window , we think (that this  can actually recapitulate ) a lot of benefits , that we are saying in the  caloric restriction studies . 

Creamy , rich new York  style cheesecake is one of the city’s  most iconic desserts , the simple cheesecake recipe calls for cream-cheese ,sugar and eggs . At each spot ,we will be judging  based of the  three qualities . The filling , it should be smooth , (creamy ) and light.The topping , it should add the refreshing brightness  to a rich cheese cake .The crust ,if there is a crust , it should add texture and flavor to the overall cheese cake . Ok ,that I can get so down with, I really like that one , it’s sweet and tart, and I think I just prefer  more like  a fruit on my cheesecake , the plain is good ,but this like next level .For someone who doesn’t like cheesecake , yeah ,they should eat this . I like also, how it taste almost like a meringue, because they whip (their egg white ) a lot ,so it’s fluffier , not so dense .meringue 蛋白霜 蛋白酥Dense 浓稠fluffier 轻柔Tart  酸的Plain  无装饰的Iconic 象征性的

Willow has been here  at the prospect park zoo for  about three years, she is pretty great gregarious ,charismatic  ,obviously ,very cute . She is just a lot of fun to work with .  In the wild , red pandas would  spend a lot of time up  in  trees , red pandas are endangered so it’s important that we breed  them to help keep our  population in zoo’s healthy . We were able to successfully  ultrasound her and confirm that there is at least one cub there , the vet wasn’t sure  how many ,so we’re  just waiting to see .Red pandas have what’s  called delayed implantation ,delay implantation is when a fertilized egg lies in a dormant  state , and  is to be an implanted later when  the situation is right for that species .   So we don’t have know exactly  when that happens ,that’s why we don’t have an  exact date  for birth .Habitat destruction  is really impacting, red panda  is  in particular  .so  To have a birth of a  red panda  is really important . Charismatic 有魅力的delayed implantation 延迟着陆ultrasound 超声 超声波fertilized 已受精的

Thousands of breakfast and  brunch places  are (strewn throughout ) New York City ,but only a few are famous for their pancakes . At  each place we will be looking at 3 qualities . 1 . We’re looking at (texture) ,the pancake  should be fluffy ,  and cooked all  the way through , and not too dry .2 . We ‘re looking for color ,we are looking for golden brown pancake that (ensures a slight ) crispiness  on the exterior of the  pancake And finally ,three , toppings, we’re looking at a toping that will accompany the pancake ,but not steal a spotlight .They are just like the perfect balance  of sweet , savory ,luxurious deliciousness  . Basically ,a pancake  is cake batter . So when you (flip ) it , all the active ingredients like salt and sugar , and baking powder ,and  all of that , ,it’s a chemical  reaction , when you flipped  it ,that’s when  in rose ,and those active ingredients  are making a cake rise , and  that’s the less  scientific explanation for it .strewn 散播fluffy 轻柔texture质地savory 可口的，咸的batter 面糊

Every year around may 21st , the xiaoman solar term arrives , abundant rainwater   is essential for a good harvest  ,  the silkworms ,the cart dirties of the  symbols of wealth and prosperity  . And folks hold cultural  activities, expressing their gratitude . Lesser fullness ,xiaoman in chinese ,is second solar term in summer , while it is getting  steadily hotter and wetter , the wheat grains become fuller by  day , but they’re nowhere near ripe enough for  harvesting yet . The ancient Chinese gave this  season its characteristic by calling its xiaoman , or lesser fullness ,  in the fertile southeast of china , One of the legends of midsummer  is the birthday ,of the goddness  of silk Shenze town  ,wujiang city , this is the one of the four most important historical center of silk in  china , and it’s importance had grown, As  it has become a sophisticated production and distribution center .  I hear that over  ten billion meters  of silk come from this place every single year . sophisticated 见多识广 fertile 肥沃的

5.10 According to CDC (centers  of disease control ), autism affect an estimated   on  1 in 54 children in the  united states ,you probably heard a lot of thoughts and ideas about autism ,but here is overview of what we know .Autism ,or autism spectrum disorder  or ASD , is neuro-developmental   disorder ,that effects person social and communicate abilities , person with ASD also have  areas of strong interests ,sometimes have repetitive  behavior and sensor sensitives , autism is sometimes  associated with strength in the areas of visual  memories,  music , art , math and science ,but each person with ASD is unique Autism is  a spectrum disorder ,and varies significantly  from person to person .some people with autism may require significant support in their  dairy life ,while others  may need less support , and some living entirely independently .

Nasa’s James webb space telescope ,has hardly opens its eyes and  the universe is new .more mysteries ,more beautiful than humanity’s  dreams . Recently ,we got look at some  captivating images , as Webb peers  back towards the origin of everything  .This is one of the webb’s early  deep (dives ) into  the (cosmos ) ,250 hours of exposures that expand the imagination .And all of these litter dots are stars ?All of these litter dots  are galaxies,,some of which are bigger than our own .Astrophysicist brant Robertson ,flew us through 130 thousand galaxies , half never see before. Enormous swirls of these are billion of stars each ,some are like our own milky way ,and others well out of this world .  

Tell me some of the things that it is  looking at ,so obvious things like if someone presses like or stay on a video for a  long time ,that give you a clue more like that . But is it subject matter ? what are the  array of things you have notice , that you can actually track that provide useful clues .I’m going to simplify this a lot ,but the machine learning the recommendation ,algorithm   ,is really just a math . So for example , if you like videos ,1.2.3.and  4 , and I like videos 1,2,3,and 5. Maybe he like videos 1,2,3,and 6, now what’s going to  happen is  ? Because we like 123 at same time ,he is going to  be shown 456 ,  so are we .And you can think about this repeat at  scale  in  real time ,across more than a billion people ,that’s   basically what it is  ,it’s  math , and of course you know ,AI and machine learning has allowed this to be done , at very very big scale , what we have seen  the result of this ,is that they learned the interest signals that people exhibit very quickly and shows you  content really relevant for you , in a very quick way .

5.4 Who exactly is this  whiz kid holding the title of the w or  young self-made billionaire . Let’s found out .Alexander wang is always love mathematics ,  ever since he was a kid ,wang   has participated in  several national math and  coding competitions ,and although he  didn’t win the  competitions, the thrill of the competition left huge impression on him, and pushed him to become a genius coder .  it was no denying that  following his passion to push wang to great successful heights , and 25 ,wang is now  the world’s youngest  self-made  billionaire  . When he was 19 , wang  decided to drop out of  college  and  co-fund  software company , called scale AI , the company which just name scale  AI .makes use of  technology  to work much faster than human analysts can work , to examine satellite images .

That’s  two ways  to unlock energy from hydrogen that’s  coming out here .firstly it’s flammable ,so you could just  burn it .and secondly ,you could use to  power ,what’s called a flue cell .This essentially  work  like a battery running on hydrogen or oxygen ,they react to supply to electricity that could for example, power of car. The only by-produces are heats and water ,and all of this is not really  news , the fuel cell  was invented back in  1800s ,later on the same century ,the guy in Denmark ,was called KuMepuwa ,was already use windmills to  power electrolysis   ,that supplied  hydrogen for school  gas lamps, and  in 1960s , general motors  built flue power van ,that run an hydrogen Today ,almost hydrogen we  produced   is used to make other things ,like fertilizers  or petroleum , but it’s never made it big as  a fuel .it’s just always be easier and cheaper to directly burn fossil fuels instead, But that is changing .essentially。本质上fertilizers   肥料petroleum  石油 原油electrolysis 电解hydrogen  氢气