ZOE Science & Nutrition

Picture the sound of a bone snapping - the kind of sound that makes you wince - and ask yourself how often you’ve thought about your bone health. Most of us only think about bone density when something breaks. Until then, your bones stay almost invisible, carrying you through every day. In today’s episode, Professor Elaine Dennison, a world-leading expert in bone health, explains why that needs to change, why stronger bones are key to living more healthy years, and why declining bone health isn’t inevitable. Elaine explains why it’s not just about avoiding broken bones, but about learning to understand one of the most important living tissues in your body. By the end of the episode, you’ll know exactly how to protect your bones so they can look after you now and for many years to come. Could your bones be the missing anti-aging link you’ve been missing? 🌱 Try our science-backed and tasty wholefood supplement Daily30 🌿Let your gut microbes snack on the ZOE Gut Health Bar Build healthy habits. Download the ZOE app today and start your trial for just £2.30 for your first week. 👉 Join ZOE Follow ZOE on Instagram. Timecodes 00:00 Intro 03:05 Are your bones dead tissue? The truth about bone biology 08:08 Peak bone mass: the age your bones stop getting stronger 11:06 What is osteoporosis? The condition you won't feel coming 14:01 Spinal fractures and death risk: what the research shows 15:53 What does osteoporosis do to your bones? The honeycomb explanation 17:46 Fragility fractures: why older adults break bones from a simple fall 20:02 Bone marrow function: what your bones do for your immune system 22:48 The gut-bone axis: how gut health affects bone health 27:01 Does stress affect bone health? The cortisol connection 29:45 Is alcohol good or bad for bone health? The surprising answer 30:16 Does extra weight protect your bones? What the science says 32:13 GLP-1 drugs and bone health: the risk no one's talking about 33:21 Muscle loss and bone density: why they're linked 35:37 DEXA scan: the only way to know your bone density 39:06 Osteoporosis medication: how doctors treat bone loss 40:51 Best exercise for bone density: why walking isn't enough 42:54 How much calcium do you need a day for strong bones? 44:04 Vitamin D and bone health: why you need it to absorb calcium 45:41 Why vitamin D deficiency is common in sunny Australia 47:22 Does HRT protect your bones? The benefits and risks explained 48:31 Do weighted vests improve bone density? What the evidence shows 49:44 How to improve bone health: the first steps to take 📚Books by our ZOE Scientists The Food For Life Cookbook Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati The Appetite Reset by Dr Federica Amati Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector Ferment by Prof. Tim Spector Good Mood Food (preorder) by Prof. Tim Spector Free resources from ZOE The Smart Snacking Guide: How to feed your gut, fuel your day, and snack without guilt The Hormone Harmony Guide: Tuning Your Body’s Internal Orchestra   Eating for Better Brain Health: Your brain-gut blueprint How to eat in 2026 - Discover ZOE’s 8 nutrition principles for long-term health Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks  Better Breakfast Guide Mentioned in today's episode The effect of Daily30 on Gut Health, Energy Levels, and Hunger in Healthy Adults, Cambridge University Press (2026) Mortality Rate in Patients with Vertebral Compression Fractures, Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation (2023) The Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Bone Health, Nutrients (2023)  Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here. Episode transcripts are available here.

Are some of your "healthy" foods actually high-risk ultra-processed foods?  For decades, nutrition advice seemed relatively straightforward. Eat less sugar. Less salt. Less saturated fat. Then it all fell apart. In today’s episode, we examine the research that has forced us to rethink what makes food harmful in the first place. Two of the world’s leading nutrition scientists, Professor Tim Spector and Professor Sarah Berry, tell their own story of why they’ve changed their minds about it. We explore why sugar, salt and fat aren’t the whole story, explain why ultra-processed foods are making us sick, and share groundbreaking insight that only a small portion of them are really harmful. By the end of the episode, you’ll know what to watch out for and what to worry less about when you’re food shopping. Next time you reach for a "healthy" yogurt or a quick pasta sauce, would you still choose it if you knew exactly how it was made? 🌱 Try our science-backed and tasty wholefood supplement Daily30 🌿Let your gut microbes snack on the ZOE Gut Health Bar Build healthy habits. Download the ZOE app today and start your trial for just £2.30 for your first week. 👉 Join ZOE Follow ZOE on Instagram. Timecodes 00:00 Intro 02:24 The biggest myth about spotting ultra-processed food 07:52 How much of your diet is actually ultra-processed 12:09 Why people ate 500 more calories on ultra-processed food 13:47 The study that changed how scientists see ultra-processed food 17:52 The hidden artificial sweeteners nobody noticed they were eating 20:29 What sweeteners did to mice in this gut bacteria experiment 23:57 What emulsifiers might be doing to your gut lining 28:27 Why food additive combinations are impossible to track 31:30 Can food texture alone change how much you eat? 33:08 Two ultra-processed diets, 369 calories apart 37:10 How the tobacco industry invented food's "bliss point" 39:33 Why hyperpalatable food makes you eat the whole bag 42:17 Does skipping cakes and soda avoid ultra-processed food? 46:38 The "ultra-processed" foods that are actually protective 48:32 How ZOE built its own ultra-processed food risk score 51:01 Why 72 calories a minute is one sign of a risky food 53:48 The 25% of ultra-processed food causing most of the harm 56:11 The one-question test for spotting ultra-processed food 59:32 ZOE says 25% of food is high risk, not NOVA's 60% 01:01:54 Why some "healthy" yogurts are full of hidden sweeteners 01:03:16 Why children's food is designed to make kids overeat 01:05:41 Two pestos, one full of hidden sweeteners 01:10:20 Ultra-processed food uses the same trick as cigarettes 01:11:41 Why you shouldn't fear all processed food 📚Books by our ZOE Scientists The Food For Life Cookbook Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati The Appetite Reset by Dr Federica Amati Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector Ferment by Prof. Tim Spector Good Mood Food (preorder) by Prof. Tim Spector Free resources from ZOE The Smart Snacking Guide: How to feed your gut, fuel your day, and snack without guilt The Hormone Harmony Guide: Tuning Your Body’s Internal Orchestra   Eating for Better Brain Health: Your brain-gut blueprint How to eat in 2026 - Discover ZOE’s 8 nutrition principles for long-term health Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks  Better Breakfast Guide Mentioned in today's episode Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain, Cell (2019) Personalized microbiome-driven effects of sweeteners, Cell (2022) Food Emulsifiers and Metabolic Syndrome: The Role of the Gut Microbiota, Foods (2022) NutriNet-Santé Study Eating rate has sustained effects on energy intake from ultraprocessed diets, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2026) The role of hyper-palatable foods in energy intake, Eating Behaviours (2025) ZOE’s PREDICT studies: What we’ve learned Episode transcripts are available here.

Could 12 everyday high-fibre foods really help lower your risk of heart disease, dementia and some cancers?  The world is obsessed with protein, but fewer than 1 in 10 people eat enough fibre. But this year, fiber is making an unexpected comeback. In this episode, legendary chef Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall and ZOE’s Chief Scientist Professor Sarah Berry ask whether fibre is another food trend or a powerful part of our diet that we have overlooked. Taking inspiration from Hugh’s new book High Fibre Heroes, they explore how fibre feeds your gut microbes, helps you feel full and slows the release of sugar into your blood. And, by the end of the episode, you’ll know how to eat more fibre without costly ingredients or difficult recipes, and how to turn familiar foods into simple meals packed with flavour. Are you buying more protein while overlooking the foods your body may need most? The answer could already be in your cupboard, freezer or fridge. 🌱 Try our science-backed and tasty wholefood supplement Daily30 🌿Let your gut microbes snack on the ZOE Gut Health Bar Build healthy habits. Download the ZOE app today and start your trial for just £2.30 for your first week. 👉 Join ZOE Follow ZOE on Instagram. Timecodes 00:00 Intro 00:57 Why the protein craze may be distracting us 04:51 How fibre may lower your disease risk 10:11 How much fibre do you actually need? 12:03 Why low-fibre food can leave you hungry 14:19 What 30g of fibre actually looks like 16:20 Why fibre diversity matters 18:51 Is fibre maxxing actually healthy? 21:08 The fibre mistake that can cause constipation 21:33 Has the world gone too far on protein? 23:25 Are most of us already eating enough protein? 25:42 How meat can push vegetables off your plate 28:20 Why healthy eating has to taste better 31:01 The 12 everyday foods that boost fibre 33:18 Why frozen peas are a healthy shortcut 35:00 Can frozen peas be healthier than fresh? 36:24 How to make frozen peas taste better 38:28 The mistake that ruins carrots 39:58 Why roasting makes vegetables taste better 42:24 What makes carrots so healthy? 44:31 Can cooked carrots be healthier than raw? 48:06 Kale vs cabbage — which is healthier? 52:18 How to make cabbage actually taste good 53:48 The easiest way to use more beans 54:24 How to start eating more fibre today 📚Books by our ZOE Scientists The Food For Life Cookbook Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati The Appetite Reset by Dr Federica Amati Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector Ferment by Prof. Tim Spector Good Mood Food (preorder) by Prof. Tim Spector Free resources from ZOE The Smart Snacking Guide: How to feed your gut, fuel your day, and snack without guilt The Hormone Harmony Guide: Tuning Your Body’s Internal Orchestra   Eating for Better Brain Health: Your brain-gut blueprint How to eat in 2026 - Discover ZOE’s 8 nutrition principles for long-term health Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks  Better Breakfast Guide Mentioned in today's episode High Fibre Heroes: How to turn 12 everyday vegetables into 100 joyful, health-boosting recipes by Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall ZOE’s PREDICT studies: What we’ve learned Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here. Episode transcripts are available here.

How can you enjoy sugar without gaining weight, fuelling cravings or crashing later in the day? The answer, surprisingly, is not to cut it out. In today’s episode, Professor Tim Spector and Professor Sarah Berry discuss which forms of sugar affect your blood sugar levels most, and what small changes you can make today to reduce the impact. They also explore how sharp blood sugar spikes and dips may affect hunger, energy, inflammation and long-term health. By the end of the episode, you’ll know how to spot hidden sugars, how to avoid the afternoon slump and energy crashes, and, most importantly, how to enjoy cake with less impact on your blood sugar. Sugar is not the enemy. But could a few small changes help you enjoy sweet foods without the cycle of cravings, hunger and energy crashes? 🌱 Try our science-backed and tasty wholefood supplement Daily30 🌿Let your gut microbes snack on the ZOE Gut Health Bar Build healthy habits. Download the ZOE app today and start your trial for just £2.30 for your first week. 👉 Join ZOE Follow ZOE on Instagram. Timecodes 00:00 Intro 03:28 If fruit is full of sugar, why is it good for us? 08:30 What really happens after you drink a sugary drink? 12:46 Why sugar leaves you hungry a few hours later 16:15 The blood sugar dip that makes you eat 320 extra calories 19:19 The surprising link between sugar and inflammation 22:00 Can blood sugar affect your brain health? 25:25 What the science really says about sugar and cancer 29:25 We've been blaming sugar for the wrong things 31:45 The 2 types of sugar most people confuse 32:35 The hidden sugars lurking in everyday foods 35:32 Why energy drinks may be worse than you think 38:51 Why orange juice may not be as healthy as you think 40:10 Why fruit and fruit juice are not the same thing 43:53 Why some smoothies behave like sugary drinks 45:03 Should you quit sugar completely? 46:46 Are sweeteners helping or keeping you hooked? 49:55 Is honey actually healthier than sugar? 51:40 3 everyday foods with surprisingly high sugar 52:27 How to enjoy cake without the blood sugar crash 55:01 The 10-minute habit that lowers your glucose response 57:15 Why energy drinks may be making your slump worse 58:32 The biggest sugar traps to watch out for 📚Books by our ZOE Scientists The Food For Life Cookbook Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati The Appetite Reset by Dr Federica Amati Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector Ferment by Prof. Tim Spector Good Mood Food (preorder) by Prof. Tim Spector Free resources from ZOE The Smart Snacking Guide: How to feed your gut, fuel your day, and snack without guilt The Hormone Harmony Guide: Tuning Your Body’s Internal Orchestra   Eating for Better Brain Health: Your brain-gut blueprint How to eat in 2026 - Discover ZOE’s 8 nutrition principles for long-term health Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks  Better Breakfast Guide Mentioned in today's episode Dietary Sugar Intake Associated with a Higher Risk of Dementia, Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (2024) Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Mortality, AHA (2019) A Twin Study of Acne in Women, Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2002) Bananas and weight loss: What does the science say? Food Order and Impact on Glucose and Insulin Levels, Diabetes Care (2015) Here are 4 ways to help manage your blood sugar Whole Fruits Versus 100% Fruit Juice, BNF (2025) Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here. Episode transcripts are available here.